Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) COSEWIC assessment and update status report: chapter 4
Distribution
Global range
The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake is found in both Canada and the United States (Figure 1). In the United States, it is present from southern New England through southern Michigan to Minnesota and South Dakota, south to southern Texas, the Gulf Coast, and southern Florida in 34 states plus the District of Columbia (See Table 2).
Provincial Parks within the current distribution of the EHS | Presence confirmed and sent to NHIC |
---|---|
Algonquin Provincial Park |
X
|
Arrowhead Provincial Park |
X
|
Awenda Provincial Park |
X
|
Balsam Lake Provincial Park |
|
Bass Lake Provincial Park |
|
Bell Bay Provincial Park |
|
Big East River Provincial Park (Waterway Class) |
|
Bigwind Lake Provincial Park |
X
|
Bronte Creek Provincial Park |
X
|
Carson Lake Provincial Park |
|
Dividing Lake Provincial Park (Nature Reserve Class) |
|
Egan Chutes Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
Emily Provincial Park |
|
Ferris Provincial Park |
|
Fish Point Provincial Nature Reserve |
X
|
French River Provincial Park |
|
Gibson River Provincial Park (Nature Reserve Class) |
|
Grundy Lake Provincial Park (Natural Environment Class) |
X
|
Hardy Lake Provincial Park |
X
|
Indian Point Provincial Park |
|
Ipperwash Provincial Park |
X
|
J. Albert Bauer Provincial Park |
|
John E. Pearce Provincial Park |
|
Kawartha Highlands Provincial Park |
|
Killbear Provincial Park |
X
|
Komoka Provincial Park |
X
|
Lake St. Peter Provincial Park |
|
Long Point Provincial Park |
X
|
Magnetawan River Provincial Park (Waterway Class) |
X
|
Manitou Islands Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
Mara Provincial Park |
|
Mark S. Burnham Provincial Park |
|
Mattawa River Provincial Park |
|
Mcrae Point Provincial Park |
|
Mikisew Provincial Park |
|
Noganosh Lake Provincial Park (Waterway Class) |
X
|
Oastler Lake Provincial Park |
|
O'donnell Point Provincial Nature Reserve |
X
|
Opeongo River Provincial Park |
|
Oxtongue River - Ragged Falls Provincial Park |
|
Peter's Woods Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
Petroglyphs Provincial Park |
X
|
Port Burwell Provincial Park |
X
|
Quackenbush Provincial Park |
|
Queen Elizabeth Ii Wildlands Provincial Park (Natural Environment Class) |
X
|
Restoule Provincial Park (Natural Environment Class) |
|
Rondeau Provincial Park |
X
|
Round Lake Provincial Nature Reserve |
X
|
Sandbanks Provincial Park |
X
|
Serpent Mounds Provincial Park |
|
Silent Lake Provincial Park |
|
Silent Lake Provincial Park Addition |
X
|
Six Mile Lake Provincial Park |
X
|
South Bay Provincial Park |
|
Springwater Provincial Park |
|
Sturgeon Bay Provincial Park |
|
The Massasauga Provincial Park |
X
|
The Pinery Provincial Park |
X
|
Trillium Woods Provincial Park |
|
Turkey Point Provincial Park |
X
|
Upper Madawaska Provincial Park |
|
Wasaga Beach Provincial Park |
X
|
Waubashene Beaches Provincial Park |
|
West Sandy Island Provincial Nature Reserve |
|
Wolf Island Provincial Park |
|
Conservation Reserves within the current distribution of the EHS | Presence confirmed and sent to NHIC |
---|---|
Ahmic Forest And Rock Barrens Conservation Reserve |
|
Axe Lake Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Bear Creek Conservation Reserve |
|
Bear Lake Peatland Conservation Reserve |
|
Big Deer Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Boulter-Depot Creek Conservation Reserve |
|
Bray Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Bridge Lake Outwash Plain Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Cache Bay Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Callander Bay Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Cardwell Township Old Growth Conservation Reserve |
|
Chain Lakes Conservation Reserve |
|
Clear Lake Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Cognashene Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Cognashene Point Conservation Reserve |
|
Commanda Creek Conservation Reserve |
|
Conroys Marsh Conservation Reserve |
|
Crane Lake Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Crowe River Swamp Conservation Reserve |
|
Draper Township Conservation Reserve |
|
Dutcher Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Ferguson Township White Pine Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Ferrie Township Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Fish Bay Conservation Reserve |
|
Freeman Township Sugar Maple Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Gibson River Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Horseshoe Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Island Lake Forest And Barrens Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Jevins & Silver Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Joly Township Hardwoods Conservation Reserve |
|
Little Spring Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Long Lake - Lancelot Creek Conservation Reserve |
|
Loon Lake Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Louck Lake Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Lower Moon River Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Mccrae Lake Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Monteith Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Moreau's Bay Conservation Reserve |
|
Morrison Lake Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Mowat Township Hemlock Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Muldrew Barrens Conservation Reserve |
|
Naiscoot Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Northern Mcconkey Conservation Reserve |
|
Oxbow Lake Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Pakeshkag River Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Plastic Lake And Dawson Ponds Conservation Reserve |
|
Pointe Au Baril Forests And Wetlands Conservation Reserve |
|
Raganooter Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Ryerson Township Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Sausage Lake Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Seguin River Conservation Reserve |
|
Severn River Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Shack Creek Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Sharpe Bay Fen Conservation Reserve |
|
Shawanaga Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
South River Forest Conservation Reserve |
|
Swan Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Torrance Barrens Conservation Reserve |
X
|
Upper Raft Lake Conservation Reserve |
|
Upper Shebeshekong Wetland Conservation Reserve |
|
Wahwashkesh - Naiscoot Conservation Reserve |
|
Wainfleet Bog Conservation Reserve |
|
Canadian range
Although the Eastern Hog-nosed Snake is widespread in eastern North America, less than 10% of its global range is in Ontario. The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake is restricted in Canada to southern and south-central Ontario and is found in two geographically distinct areas: the Carolinian Region of southwestern Ontario and in the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Region of central Ontario south of the French River and Lake Nipissing and east of Georgian Bay (Figure 2). It is absent, however, from the St. Lawrence drainage (eastern Ontario and most of New York State). The northern limit of its range corresponds approximately to a 120-day frost-free period (Schueler 1997) or to areas with greater than 2100 Annual Crop Heat Units (www.OMAFRA.on). They can extend further into slightly cooler areas if there are sandy, exposed, south-facing slopes that have warmer soil conditions for incubation which probably determine northern range limits (Brooks et al. 2003). The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake occurs in two National Heritage Protected Areas managed by Parks Canada (Georgian Bay Islands and Trent-Severn Waterway) and occurs (or has occurred since 1984) in several protected areas including: Arrowhead P.P., Awenda P.P., Apps Mills C.A., Backus Woods, Craigleith P.P., Grundy Lake P.P, Ipperwash P.P., Killbear P.P., Komoka P.P., Long Point P.P., Petroglyphs P.P., Pinery P.P., Port Burwell P.P., Rondeau P.P., Six Mile P.P., Skunks Misery, Spooky Hollow Sanctuary, St. William’s Forest, Turkey Point P.P., Wasaga Beach P.P., and Wye Marsh (but see Table 1 for a complete list of protected areas within the hognose’s range in Ontario, and of those protected areas that have had at least one reported sighting of an Eastern Hog-nosed Snake). According to the NHIC database, since 1990 there have been sightings in the counties and districts of Lambton, Muskoka, Niagara, Simcoe, Haliburton, Kent, Middlesex, Peterborough, Parry Sound, Victoria, Haldimand, Elgin, Hastings, Frontenac, and Northumberland. The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake has been extirpated from the regional municipalities of Halton, Peel and York, as well as Pelee Island and Point Pelee National Park (Oldham and Austen 1998). Also, the records from Bruce, Grey, and Prince Edward Counties are considered historic and H. platirhinosmay be extirpated from these areas (Oldham and Austen 1998) and from Hastings and Durham counties (Schueler 1997). (See Fluctuations and Trends for other more local areas from which the species may be extirpated.)
State/Province | S2 Imperiled |
S3 Vulnerable |
S4 Apparently Secure |
S5 Secure |
SNR/SNA Not Ranked/Not Applicable |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rhode Island |
X
|
|
|
|
|
South Dakota |
X
|
|
|
|
|
Ontario |
|
X
|
|
|
|
Indiana |
|
X
|
|
|
|
Kansas |
|
X
|
|
|
|
New Hampshire |
|
X
|
|
|
|
Ohio |
|
X
|
|
|
|
West Virginia |
|
X
|
|
|
|
Connecticut |
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
Michigan |
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
New York |
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
Pennsylvania |
|
X
|
X
|
|
|
Delaware |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Iowa |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Massachusetts |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Minnesota |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Nebraska |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Tennessee |
|
|
X
|
|
|
Wisconsin |
|
|
X
|
|
|
North Carolina |
|
|
X
|
X
|
|
Alabama |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Arkansas |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Georgia |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Illinois |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Kentucky |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Louisiana |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Maryland |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Mississippi |
|
|
|
X
|
|
New Jersey |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Oklahoma |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Texas |
|
|
|
X
|
|
Virginia |
|
|
|
X
|
|
District of Colombia |
|
|
|
|
SNA
|
Missouri |
|
|
|
|
SNR
|
South Carolina |
|
|
|
|
SNR
|
The Extent of Occurrence was calculated by connecting the outermost observations in Figure 2 to create a Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP), and determining its area which was 107,100 km². The calculation of Area of Occupancy is provided in the section on Abundance in this report.
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