Canadian Species at Risk (November 2004)

  1. Table of Contents
  2. About COSEWIC
  3. Summary Tables
  4. COSEWIC Assessment Results
  5. COSEWIC Assessment Results (Table 7 )
  6. COSEWIC Assessment Results (Table 7 continue)
  7. COSEWIC Assessment Results (Table 8 and Table 9)
  8. Record of Status Reassessments
  9. Names Previously used by COSEWIC and Synonyms

This publication can be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2004. Canadian Species at Risk, November 2004. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 58 pp.

COSEWIC Status Reports are available from the Species at Rist Act Public Registry

http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca

The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) assesses the national status of wild species, subspecies, varieties, or other designatable units that are considered to be at risk in Canada. Designations are made on native species including the following taxonomic groups: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes, arthropods, molluscs, vascular plants, mosses, and lichens.

COSEWIC comprises members from each provincial and territorial government wildlife agency, four federal agencies (Canadian Wildlife Service, Parks Canada Agency, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, and the Federal Biodiversity Information Partnership, chaired by the Canadian Museum of Nature), three non-government members and the co-chairs of the species specialist and the Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge subcommittees. The Committee meets to consider status reports on candidate species.

The following definitions were reviewed by COSEWIC in May 2004 :

Wildlife Species : A species, subspecies, variety, or geographically or genetically distinct population of animal, plant or other organism, other than a bacterium or virus, that is wild by nature and it is either native to Canada or has extended its range into Canada without human intervention and has been present in Canada for at least 50 years.

Extinct (X) : A wildlife species that no longer exists.

Extirpated (XT) : A wildlife species no longer existing in the wild in Canada, but occurring elsewhere.

Endangered (E) : A wildlife species facing imminent extirpation or extinction.

Threatened (T) : A wildlife species likely to become endangered if limiting factors are not reversed.

Special Concern (SC) * : A wildlife species that may become a threatened or an endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats.

Not at Risk (NAR) ** : A wildlife species that has been evaluated and found to be not at risk of extinction given the current circumstances.

Data Deficient (DD) *** : A wildlife species for which there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction.


* : Formerly described as "Vulnerable" from 1990 to 1999, or "Rare" prior to 1990.

** : Formerly described as "Not In Any Category", or "No Designation Required."

*** : Formerly described as "Indeterminate" from 1994 to 1999 or "ISIBD" (insufficient scientific information on which to base a designation) prior to 1994.

Table 1. Summary of COSEWIC’s assessment results for the “risk” categories (Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern) (455 species) and for the Extinct category (12 species). The results include the November 2004 meeting.

TAXON EXTINCT EXTIRPATED ENDANGERED THREATENED SPECIAL CONCERN TOTALS
Mammals 2 4 20 14 27 67
Birds 3 2 23 10 22 60
Reptiles 0 4 7 13 9 33
Amphibians 0 1 6 5 7 19
Fishes 5 3 22 23 30 83
Arthropods 0 3 6 5 2 16
Molluscs 1 2 12 2 4 21
Vascular Plants 0 2 68 44 34 148
Mosses 1 1 6 3 2 13
Lichens 0 0 2 1 4 7
Totals 12 22 172 120 141 467
Table 2. Summary of COSEWIC’s assessment results for the Not at Risk category. The results include the November 2004 meeting.
TAXON NOT AT RISK
Mammals 43
Birds 35
Reptiles 4
Amphibians 14
Fishes 35
Arthropods 0
Molluscs 2
Vascular Plants 16
Mosses 0
Lichens 0
Totals 149
Table 3. Summary of COSEWIC’s assessment results for the Data Deficient category. The results include the November 2004 meeting.
TAXON DATA DEFICIENT
Mammals 10
Birds 2
Reptiles 2
Amphibians 0
Fishes 10
Arthropods 0
Molluscs 4
Vascular Plants 4
Mosses 0
Lichens 2
Totals 34
Table 4. November 2004 results by category and taxon.
TAXON EXTINCT EXTIRPATED ENDANGERED THREATENED SPECIAL CONCERN NOT AT RISK DATA DEFICIENT TOTALS
Mammals 1 1 2
Birds 1 1
Reptiles 1 1 2
Amphibians 1 1
Fishes 1 1 2 2 2 8
Arthropods 0
Molluscs 0
Vascular Plants 1 4 1 6
Mosses 1 1 2
Lichens 0
Totals 0 1 4 8 7 0 2 22
Table 5. November 2004 results by category and type of change.
TYPE OF CHANGE EXTINCT EXTIRPATED ENDANGERED THREATENED SPECIAL CONCERN NOT AT RISK DATA DEFICIENT TOTALS
New 1 1 6 2 10
In a higher risk category 2 2 2 6
In a lower risk category 0
Changed R 1 1
No Change 1 4 5
Reassigned P 0
No longer at risk 0
Totals 0 1 4 8 7 0 2 22

: Species placed in a higher risk category after reassessment on the date shown.

: Species placed in a lower risk category after reassessment on the date shown.

: Species stays in the same category after reassessment on the date shown.

R : Species moved to the Data Deficient category from a risk category, or to a risk category from the Data Deficient category on the date shown.

P : Species that has been assigned to a different designatable unit than previously on the date shown.

: Species moved to the Not at Risk category from a risk category on the date shown.

(no symbol) New species examined on the date shown.

The tables that follow (Tables 6-9) are organized by status category and then by taxonomic group. For each species, the information provided includes the common name, scientific name, population name, and range of occurrence in Canada (by province, territory or ocean). The most recent date of assessment by COSEWIC is shown. The symbols on the left provide information on the type of status report used as the basis for reassessment for species evaluated against quantitative criteria (see below), and the symbols on the right provide information on the outcome of status reassessments (see explanation of symbols on page three).

The first COSEWIC "Endangered Species List" was issued in 1978. In 1990, it was decided that all species considered by COSEWIC should be included in this document even if the species were in the Not at Risk or Data Deficient categories. Therefore, this document is divided into four sections. The first section (Table 6) includes species assessed and designated as Extinct. The second section (Table 7) includes species assessed and designated as Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened or Special Concern. The third section (Table 8) includes species assessed and found to be in the Not at Risk category. The fourth section (Table 9) includes species considered by COSEWIC and placed in the Data Deficient category because of insufficient scientific information.

COSEWIC has been using quantitative criteria to assess species' risk of extinction since October 1999. These criteria were adapted from the criteria used by the World Conservation Union (IUCN).

Explanation of type of status report symbols for species evaluated using quantitative criteria:

1 or 1+ Assessment based on a new status report or an update status report. A plus sign (+) indicates the report has an addendum or that the report has been modified.

2 or 2+ Species re-assessed using an existing status report. A plus sign (+) indicates the report has an addendum or that the report has been modified.

The geographical distribution of each species is defined in terms of the provinces, territories and oceans in which the species occurs. This information should not be treated as a complete listing of the jurisdictions that may be legally responsible for the conservation and management of a species. Several guidelines are followed when determining the range of occurrence of a species: for birds, it includes the Canadian breeding and wintering distribution; for marine species, it includes the oceans in which the species occurs (Arctic, Pacific or Atlantic); for freshwater species, it includes the province or territory in which the waterbody occurs; and, for species that occur in brackish waters, move between marine and freshwater environments, or move between oceans and land (e.g., Atlantic Walrus), range of occurrence includes a list of both the oceans and provinces in which the species occurs.

Abbreviations for provinces and territories:

AB : Alberta
BC : British Columbia
MB : Manitoba
NB : New Brunswick
NL : Newfoundland and Labrador
NS : Nova Scotia
NT : Northwest Territories
NU : Nunavut
ON : Ontario
PE : Prince Edward Island
QC : Québec
SK : Saskatchewan
YT : Yukon Territory

Table 6. Species assessed and designated Extinct, with range of occurrence (by province, territory or ocean) and date of last assessment. The historical range of occurrence and the approximate date of disappearance are shown (12 species).

EXTINCT CATEGORY (12)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Historical Range of Occurrence Extinction Date Assessment Date
Mammals (2)
1 ↔ Caribou dawsoni subspecies Rangifer tarandus dawsoni BC 1920s May 2000
2 ↔ Mink, Sea Mustela macrodon NB NS Atlantic Ocean 1894 May 2000
Birds (3)
2 ↔ Auk, Great Pinguinus impennis QC NB NS NL 1844 May 2000
2 ↔ Duck, Labrador Camptorhynchus labradorius QC NB NS NL 1875 May 2000
2 ↔ Pigeon, Passenger Ectopistes migratorius SK MB ON QC NB PE NS 1914 May 2000
Reptiles (0)
Amphibians (0)
Fishes (5)
2 ↔ Cisco, Deepwater Coregonus johannae ON 1952 May 2000
2 ↔ Dace, Banff Longnose Rhinichthys cataractae smithi AB 1986 May 2000
2 ↔ Stickleback, Benthic Hadley Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC 1999 May 2000
2 ↔ Stickleback, Limnetic Hadley Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC 1999 May 2000
2 ↔ Walleye, Blue Stizostedion vitreum glaucum ON 1965 May 2000
Arthropods (0)
Molluscs (1)
2 ↔ Limpet, Eelgrass Lottia alveus alveus QC NS NL 1929 May 2000
Vascular Plants (0)
Mosses (1)
1 Moss, Macoun's Shining Neomacounia nitida ON not observed since 1864 Nov 2002
Lichens (0)

Table 7. Species assessed and designated in a "risk category" (Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened or Special Concern) (455 species), with range of occurrence (by province, territory or ocean) and date of assessment. For Extirpated species, the historical range of occurrence and the approximate date of disappearance from Canada are shown.

EXTIRPATED CATEGORY (22)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Historical Range of Occurrence Extirpation Date Assessment Date
Mammals (4)
1 ↔ Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos Prairie population AB SK MB 1880s May 2002
2 ↔ Ferret, Black-footed Mustela nigripes AB SK MB 1974 May 2000
2 ↔ Walrus, Atlantic Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus Northwest Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean mid 19th century May 2000
2 ↔ Whale, Grey Eschrichtius robustus Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean before end of 1800s May 2000
Birds (2)
2 ↔ Prairie-Chicken, Greater Tympanuchus cupido AB SK MB ON last reported in 1987 in Saskatchewan May 2000
2 ↔ Sage-Grouse phaios subspecies, Greater Centrocercus urophasianus phaios BC not observed since 1960s May 2000
Reptiles (4)
1 Gophersnake, Pacific Pituophis catenifer catenifer BC not observed since 1957 May 2002
2 ↔ Lizard, Pigmy Short-horned Phrynosoma douglasii British Columbia population BC last reported in 1898, near Osoyoos, BC May 2000
1 Rattlesnake, Timber Crotalus horridus ON 1941 May 2001
1 Turtle, Pacific Pond Actinemys marmorata BC not observed since 1959 May 2002
Amphibians (1)
1 Salamander, Tiger Ambystoma tigrinum Great Lakes population ON 1915 Nov 2001
Fishes (3)
1 Bass, Striped Morone saxatilis St. Lawrence Estuary population QC Last recorded in 1968. Nov 2004
2 ↔ Chub, Gravel Erimystax x-punctatus ON last reported in 1958, Thames River drainage May 2000
2 ↔ Paddlefish Polyodon spathula ON 1917 May 2000
Arthropods (3)
2 ↔ Blue, Karner Lycaeides melissa samuelis ON 1991 May 2000
2 ↔ Elfin, Frosted Callophrys [Incisalia] irus ON 1988 May 2000
2 ↔ Marble, Island Euchloe ausonides BC before 1910 May 2000
Molluscs (2)
1 Snail, Puget Oregonian Cryptomastix devia BC not observed since 1905 Nov 2002
2 ↔ Wedgemussel, Dwarf Alasmidonta heterodon NB 1968 May 2000
Vascular Plants (2)
2 ↔ Spring Blue-eyed Mary Collinsia verna ON not observed since 1954 May 2000
2 ↔ Tick-trefoil, Illinois Desmodium illinoense ON not observed since 1888 May 2000
Mosses (1)
1 Moss, Incurved Grizzled Ptychomitrium incurvum ON 1828 Nov 2002
Lichens (0)
ENDANGERED CATEGORY (172)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Range of Occurrence Assessment Date
Mammals (20)
1 P Badger jacksoni subspecies, American Taxidea taxus jacksoni ON May 2000
1 P Badger jeffersonii subspecies, American Taxidea taxus jeffersonii BC May 2000
1 P Caribou, Peary Rangifer tarandus pearyi NT NU May 2004
1 ↔ Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou Atlantic-Gaspésie population QC May 2002
2 ↔ Fox, Swift Vulpes velox AB SK May 2000
2+ Marmot, Vancouver Island Marmota vancouverensis BC May 2000
2 ↔ Marten, Newfoundland Martes americana atrata NL May 2000
1 ↑ Mole, Townsend's Scapanus townsendii BC May 2003
1 ↑ Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Eastern Hudson Bay population NU QC Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2004
1 ↔ Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Ungava Bay population QC Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2004
1 P Whale, Blue Balaenoptera musculus Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean May 2002
1 P Whale, Blue Balaenoptera musculus Pacific population Pacific Ocean May 2002
1 Whale, Bowhead Balaena mysticetus Eastern Arctic population NU Arctic Ocean Apr 1980
Whale, Bowhead Balaena mysticetus Western Arctic population YT NT NU Arctic Ocean Apr 1986
2+ P Whale, Killer Orcinus orca Northeast Pacific southern resident population Pacific Ocean Nov 2001
1 P Whale, North Atlantic Right Eubalaena glacialis Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 ↔ Whale, North Pacific Right Eubalaena japonica Pacific Ocean Nov 2004
2+ Whale, Northern Bottlenose Hyperoodon ampullatus Scotian Shelf population Atlantic Ocean Nov 2002
1 Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis Pacific population Pacific Ocean May 2003
1 ↔ Wolverine Gulo gulo Eastern population QC NL May 2003
Birds (23)
1+ Bobwhite, Northern Colinus virginianus ON Nov 2003
1 ↑ Chat auricollis subspecies, Yellow-breasted Icteria virens auricollis British Columbia population BC Nov 2000
1 ↔ Crane, Whooping Grus americana NT AB Nov 2000
1 Crossbill percna subspecies, Red Loxia curvirostra percna NL May 2004
1 ↔ Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL May 2000
1 ↔ Flycatcher, Acadian Empidonax virescens ON Nov 2000
1 Lark strigata subspecies, Horned Eremophila alpestris strigata BC Nov 2003
2 ↔ Owl caurina subspecies, Spotted Strix occidentalis caurina BC May 2000
2 ↔ Owl, Barn Tyto alba Eastern population ON QC May 2000
2 ↔ Owl, Burrowing Athene cunicularia BC AB SK MB May 2000
1 P Plover circumcinctus subspecies, Piping Charadrius melodus circumcinctus AB SK MB ON May 2001
1 P Plover melodus subspecies, Piping Charadrius melodus melodus QC NB PE NS NL May 2001
1 ↔ Plover, Mountain Charadrius montanus AB SK Nov 2000
1 ↔ Rail, King Rallus elegans ON Nov 2000
2 ↔ Sage-Grouse urophasianus subspecies, Greater Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus AB SK May 2000
1 P Screech-Owl macfarlanei subspecies, Western Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei BC May 2002
1 ↔ Shrike migrans subspecies, Loggerhead Lanius ludovicianus migrans MB ON QC Nov 2000
1 ↔ Sparrow, Henslow's Ammodramus henslowii ON Nov 2000
2 ↔ Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii QC NB NS Oct 1999
1 ↔ Thrasher, Sage Oreoscoptes montanus BC AB SK Nov 2000
2 ↔ Warbler, Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii ON May 2000
2 ↔ Warbler, Prothonotary Protonotaria citrea ON May 2000
1 ↑ Woodpecker, White-headed Picoides albolarvatus BC Nov 2000
Reptiles (7)
1 Nightsnake Hypsiglena torquata BC May 2001
1 ↔ Racer, Blue Coluber constrictor foxii ON May 2002
1 ↔ Seaturtle, Leatherback Dermochelys coriacea Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2001
1 ↑ Skink, Prairie Eumeces septentrionalis MB May 2004
2 ↔ Snake, Sharp-tailed Contia tenuis BC Oct 1999
1 ↑ Turtle, Spotted Clemmys guttata ON QC May 2004
1 Watersnake, Lake Erie Nerodia sipedon insularum ON Apr 1991
Amphibians (6)
1 ↔ Frog, Northern Cricket Acris crepitans ON May 2001
2 ↔ Frog, Northern Leopard Rana pipiens Southern Mountain population BC May 2000
1 ↔ Frog, Oregon Spotted Rana pretiosa BC May 2000
1 Frog, Rocky Mountain Tailed Ascaphus montanus BC May 2000
1 ↑ Salamander, Small-mouthed Ambystoma texanum ON May 2004
1 Salamander, Tiger Ambystoma tigrinum Southern Mountain population BC Nov 2001
Fishes (22)
1 P Cod, Atlantic Gadus morhua Newfoundland and Labrador population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
2 ↔ Dace, Nooksack Rhinichthys sp. BC May 2000
1 ↑ Dace, Speckled Rhinichthys osculus BC Nov 2002
2 ↑ Lamprey, Morrison Creek Lampetra richardsoni BC May 2000
2+ Madtom, Northern Noturus stigmosus ON Nov 2002
1 ↑ Redhorse, Copper Moxostoma hubbsi QC Nov 2004
1 Salmon, Atlantic Salmo salar Inner Bay of Fundy populations NB NS Atlantic Ocean May 2001
1 Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus kisutch Interior Fraser population BC Pacific Ocean May 2002
1 ↔ Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus nerka Sakinaw population BC Pacific Ocean May 2003
1 ↔ Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus nerka Cultus population BC Pacific Ocean May 2003
1 Shark, Porbeagle Lamna nasus Atlantic Ocean May 2004
1 ↑ Shiner, Pugnose Notropis anogenus ON Nov 2002
1 P Stickleback, Benthic Enos Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC Nov 2002
2 ↑ Stickleback, Benthic Paxton Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC May 2000
2 ↑ Stickleback, Benthic Vananda Creek Gasterosteus sp. BC May 2000
1 P Stickleback, Limnetic Enos Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC Nov 2002
2 ↑ Stickleback, Limnetic Paxton Lake Gasterosteus sp. BC May 2000
2 ↑ Stickleback, Limnetic Vananda Creek Gasterosteus sp. BC May 2000
1 ↑ Sturgeon, White Acipenser transmontanus BC Nov 2003
1 ↔ Sucker, Salish Catostomus sp. BC Nov 2002
1 ↔ Trout, Aurora Salvelinus fontinalis timagamiensis ON May 2000
1 ↔ Whitefish, Atlantic Coregonus huntsmani NS Nov 2000
Arthropods (6)
1 Blue, Island Plebejus saepiolus insulanus BC Nov 2000
1 Checkerspot, Taylor's Euphydryas editha taylori BC Nov 2000
1 Metalmark, Mormon Apodemia mormo Southern Mountain population BC May 2003
1 Moth, Sand-verbena Copablepharon fuscum BC Nov 2003
1 Moth, Yucca Tegeticula yuccasella AB May 2002
2 ↔ Ringlet, Maritime Coenonympha tullia nipisiquit QC NB May 2000
Molluscs (12)
2 ↔ Bean, Rayed Villosa fabalis ON May 2000
1 Forestsnail, Oregon Allogona townsendiana BC Nov 2002
1 Hickorynut, Round Obovaria subrotunda ON May 2003
1 Kidneyshell Ptychobranchus fasciolaris ON May 2003
2 ↔ Lampmussel, Wavy-rayed Lampsilis fasciola ON Oct 1999
1 Mussel, Mudpuppy Simpsonaias ambigua ON May 2001
2 ↔ Physa, Hotwater Physella wrighti BC May 2000
1 Pigtoe, Round Pleurobema sintoxia ON May 2004
2+ Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana ON May 2000
2 ↑ Snail, Banff Springs Physella johnsoni AB May 2000
1 Snail, Lake Winnipeg Physa Physa sp. MB Nov 2002
1 Snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra ON May 2001
Vascular Plants (68)
2+ Agalinis, Gattinger's Agalinis gattingeri ON May 2001
2 ↔ Agalinis, Skinner's Agalinis skinneriana ON May 2000
2 ↔ Ammannia, Scarlet Ammannia robusta BC ON May 2001
2 ↔ Avens, Eastern Mountain Geum peckii NS May 2000
2 ↔ Balsamroot, Deltoid Balsamorhiza deltoidea BC May 2000
2 ↔ Bluehearts Buchnera americana ON May 2000
2+ Braya, Long's Braya longii NL May 2000
1 Bugbane, Tall Actaea elata BC May 2001
1 ↑ Bulrush, Bashful Trichophorum planifolium ON May 2000
2 ↔ Bush-clover, Slender Lespedeza virginica ON May 2000
2 ↔ Buttercup, Water-plantain Ranunculus alismaefolius var. alismaefolius BC May 2000
1 Butternut Juglans cinerea ON QC NB Nov 2003
2 ↔ Cactus, Eastern Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa ON May 2000
1 Catchfly, Coastal Scouler's Silene scouleri ssp. grandis BC May 2003
1 ↑ Chestnut, American Castanea dentata ON Nov 2004
1 Collomia, Slender Collomia tenella BC Nov 2003
2 ↔ Coreopsis, Pink Coreopsis rosea NS May 2000
2 ↔ Cryptanthe, Tiny Cryptantha minima AB SK May 2000
2 ↔ Fern, Southern Maidenhair Adiantum capillus-veneris BC May 2000
1 ↑ Fringed-orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea ON May 2003
1 ↔ Fringed-orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara MB May 2000
1 ↔ Gentian, White Prairie Gentiana alba ON May 2001
2 ↔ Ginseng, American Panax quinquefolius ON QC May 2000
2+ Goat's-rue, Virginia Tephrosia virginiana ON May 2000
2 ↔ Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa ON May 2000
1 Grass, Forked Three-awned Aristida basiramea ON QC Nov 2002
2 ↔ Lady's-slipper, Small White Cypripedium candidum MB ON May 2000
1 ↑ Lipocarpha, Small-flowered Lipocarpha micrantha BC ON Nov 2002
2 ↔ Lotus, Seaside Birds-foot Lotus formosissimus BC May 2000
2 ↔ Lousewort, Furbish's Pedicularis furbishiae NB May 2000
2 ↔ Lupine, Prairie Lupinus lepidus var. lepidus BC May 2000
1 Lupine, Streambank Lupinus rivularis BC Nov 2002
2 ↔ Milkwort, Pink Polygala incarnata ON May 2000
2 ↔ Mountain-mint, Hoary Pycnanthemum incanum ON May 2000
2 ↔ Mulberry, Red Morus rubra ON May 2000
2 ↔ Owl-clover, Bearded Triphysaria versicolor ssp. versicolor BC May 2000
1 Owl-clover, Rosy Orthocarpus bracteosus BC May 2004
2+ Paintbrush, Golden Castilleja levisecta BC May 2000
2 ↔ Plantain, Heart-leaved Plantago cordata ON May 2000
2 ↔ Pogonia, Large Whorled Isotria verticillata ON May 2000
2 ↔ Pogonia, Nodding Triphora trianthophora ON May 2000
2 ↔ Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides ON May 2000
1 Pussytoes, Stoloniferous Antennaria flagellaris BC May 2004
1 ↔ Quillwort, Engelmann's Isoëtes engelmannii ON May 2001
1 Rush, Kellogg's Juncus kelloggii BC May 2003
1 Sand-verbena, Pink Abronia umbellata BC May 2004
1 ↑ Sand-verbena, Small-flowered Tripterocalyx micranthus AB SK Nov 2002
1 Sandwort, Dwarf Minuartia pusilla BC May 2004
1 Sanicle, Bear's-foot Sanicula arctopoides BC May 2001
2 ↑ Sedge, False Hop Carex lupuliformis ON QC May 2000
2 ↔ Sedge, Juniper Carex juniperorum ON May 2000
1 Spike-rush, Horsetail Eleocharis equisetoides ON Nov 2000
1 ↔ Sundew, Thread-leaved Drosera filiformis NS May 2001
2 ↔ Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri ON May 2000
1 Tonella, Small-flowered Tonella tenella BC Nov 2003
2 ↔ Toothcup Rotala ramosior BC ON May 2000
2 ↔ Tree, Cucumber Magnolia acuminata ON May 2000
1 Trefoil, Bog Bird’s-foot Lotus pinnatus BC May 2004
2 ↔ Trillium, Drooping Trillium flexipes ON May 2000
1 Triteleia, Howell's Triteleia howellii BC May 2003
2+ Twayblade, Purple Liparis liliifolia ON May 2001
1 ↑ Violet, Bird's-foot Viola pedata ON May 2002
1 Willow, Barrens Salix jejuna NL May 2001
2 ↔ Wintergreen, Spotted Chimaphila maculata ON QC May 2000
2+ Wood-poppy Stylophorum diphyllum ON May 2000
2 ↑ Woodsia, Blunt-lobed Woodsia obtusa ON QC May 2000
1 Woolly-heads, Dwarf Psilocarphus brevissimus BC Nov 2003
1 Woolly-heads, Tall Psilocarphus elatior Pacific population BC May 2001
Mosses (6)
1 Cord-moss, Rusty Entosthodon rubiginosus BC Nov 2004
1 Moss, Margined Streamside Scouleria marginata BC Nov 2002
1 Moss, Poor Pocket Fissidens pauperculus BC Nov 2001
2+ Moss, Rigid Apple Bartramia stricta BC May 2000
1 Moss, Silver Hair Fabronia pusilla BC Nov 2002
1 Moss, Spoon-leaved Bryoandersonia illecebra ON May 2003
Lichens (2)
1 Lichen, Boreal Felt Erioderma pedicellatum Atlantic population NB NS May 2002
2 ↔ Seaside Centipede Heterodermia sitchensis BC May 2000
THREATENED CATEGORY (120)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Range of Occurrence Assessment Date
Mammals (14)
1 ↑ Bat, Pallid Antrozous pallidus BC May 2000
1 Bison, Plains Bison bison bison BC AB SK MB May 2004
1 ↔ Bison, Wood Bison bison athabascae YT NT BC AB May 2000
1 ↔ Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou Boreal population NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NL May 2002
1 ↔ Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou Southern Mountain population BC AB May 2002
1 ↑ Ermine haidarum subspecies Mustela erminea haidarum BC May 2001
1 ↑ Fox, Grey Urocyon cinereoargenteus MB ON May 2002
2 ↔ Otter, Sea Enhydra lutris BC Pacific Ocean May 2000
2+ Shrew, Pacific Water Sorex bendirii BC May 2000
1 ↓ Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas St. Lawrence Estuary population QC Atlantic Ocean May 2004
1 P Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Cumberland Sound population NU Arctic Ocean May 2004
1 ↔ Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae North Pacific population Pacific Ocean May 2003
2+ Whale, Killer Orcinus orca Northeast Pacific transient population Pacific Ocean Nov 2001
2+ P Whale, Killer Orcinus orca Northeast Pacific northern resident population Pacific Ocean Nov 2001
Birds (10)
1 Albatross, Short-tailed Phoebastria albatrus BC Nov 2003
2 ↑ Bittern, Least Ixobrychus exilis MB ON QC NB Nov 2001
2 ↔ Falcon anatum subspecies, Peregrine Falco peregrinus anatum YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS NL May 2000
1 ↑ Goshawk laingi subspecies, Northern Accipiter gentilis laingi BC Nov 2000
2 ↑ Gull, Ross's Rhodostethia rosea NT NU MB Nov 2001
1 ↔ Murrelet, Marbled Brachyramphus marmoratus BC Nov 2000
2 ↔ Pipit, Sprague's Anthus spragueii AB SK MB May 2000
1 Shearwater, Pink-footed Puffinus creatopus BC May 2004
1 ↔ Shrike excubitorides subspecies, Loggerhead Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides AB SK MB May 2004
1 ↔ Warbler, Hooded Wilsonia citrina ON Nov 2000
Reptiles (13)
2 ↔ Foxsnake, Eastern Elaphe gloydi ON May 2000
2 ↑ Gartersnake, Butler's Thamnophis butleri ON Nov 2001
1 Gophersnake, Great Basin Pituophis catenifer deserticola BC May 2002
1 ↔ Massasauga Sistrurus catenatus ON Nov 2002
1 ↑ Racer, Eastern Yellow-bellied Coluber constrictor flaviventris SK Nov 2004
2 ↔ Ratsnake, Eastern Elaphe obsoleta ON May 2000
1 Rattlesnake, Western Crotalus oreganus BC May 2004
1 Ribbonsnake, Eastern Thamnophis sauritus Atlantic population NS May 2002
2 ↑ Snake, Eastern Hog-nosed Heterodon platirhinos ON Nov 2001
2 ↔ Snake, Queen Regina septemvittata ON May 2000
1 ↔ Softshell, Spiny Apalone spinifera ON QC May 2002
1 Stinkpot Sternotherus odoratus ON QC May 2002
1 Turtle, Blanding's Emydoidea blandingii Nova Scotia population NS Apr 1993
Amphibians (5)
2+ Salamander, Allegheny Mountain Dusky Desmognathus ochrophaeus QC Nov 2001
1 ↑ Salamander, Coastal Giant Dicamptodon tenebrosus BC Nov 2000
1 Salamander, Jefferson Ambystoma jeffersonianum ON Nov 2000
2 ↑ Spadefoot, Great Basin Spea intermontana BC Nov 2001
2+ Toad, Fowler's Bufo fowleri ON Nov 2000
Fishes (23)
1 Bass, Striped Morone saxatilis Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence population QC NB PE NS Nov 2004
1 Bass, Striped Morone saxatilis Bay of Fundy population NB NS Nov 2004
1 Bocaccio Sebastes paucispinis Pacific Ocean Nov 2002
2+ Chubsucker, Lake Erimyzon sucetta ON Nov 2001
1 Cisco, Blackfin Coregonus nigripinnis ON Apr 1988
1 ↔ Cisco, Shortjaw Coregonus zenithicus NT AB SK MB ON May 2003
1 Cisco, Shortnose Coregonus reighardi ON Apr 1987
1 P Cod, Atlantic Gadus morhua Laurentian North population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 Cusk Brosme brosme Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 ↔ Darter, Channel Percina copelandi ON QC May 2002
2+ Darter, Eastern Sand Ammocrypta pellucida ON QC Nov 2000
2 ↑ Gar, Spotted Lepisosteus oculatus ON Nov 2000
2 ↑ Lamprey, Cowichan Lake Lampetra macrostoma BC Nov 2000
2+ Minnow, Western Silvery Hybognathus argyritis AB Nov 2001
1 Redhorse, Black Moxostoma duquesnei ON Apr 1988
2 ↑ Sculpin, Cultus Pygmy Cottus sp. BC Nov 2000
1 Sculpin, Deepwater Myoxocephalus thompsoni Great Lakes populations ON Apr 1987
1 ↔ Sculpin, Shorthead Cottus confusus BC May 2001
2 ↑ Shiner, Carmine Notropis percobromus MB Nov 2001
2 ↔ Smelt, Lake Utopia Dwarf Osmerus sp. NB May 2000
1 Whitefish, Lake Coregonus clupeaformis Lake Simcoe population ON Apr 1987
1 Wolffish, Northern Anarhichas denticulatus Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2001
1 Wolffish, Spotted Anarhichas minor Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2001
Arthropods (5)
1 Hairstreak, Behr's (Columbia) Satyrium behrii columbia BC Nov 2000
1 Metalmark, Mormon Apodemia mormo Prairie population SK May 2003
1 Skipper, Dakota Hesperia dacotae SK MB Nov 2003
1 Skipper, Dun Euphyes vestris Western population BC Nov 2000
1 Skipperling, Poweshiek Oarisma poweshiek MB Nov 2003
Molluscs (2)
2 ↔ Abalone, Northern Haliotis kamtschatkana Pacific Ocean May 2000
1 Jumping-slug, Dromedary Hemphillia dromedarius BC May 2003
Vascular Plants (44)
1 ↔ Aster, Anticosti Symphyotrichum anticostense QC NB May 2000
2 ↑ Aster, Crooked-stem Symphyotrichum prenanthoides ON May 2002
1 ↑ Aster, Gulf of St. Lawrence Symphyotrichum laurentianum QC NB PE May 2004
1 ↑ Aster, Western Silvery Symphyotrichum sericeum MB ON May 2000
1 ↔ Aster, White Wood Eurybia divaricata ON QC Nov 2002
2+ Aster, White-top Sericocarpus rigidus BC May 2000
2 ↑ Aster, Willowleaf Symphyotrichum praealtum ON May 2003
1 ↑ Bartonia, Branched Bartonia paniculata ssp. paniculata ON Nov 2003
1 ↑ Blazing Star, Dense Liatris spicata ON May 2001
1 ↔ Blue-flag, Western Iris missouriensis AB May 2000
2 ↔ Braya, Fernald's Braya fernaldii NL May 2000
2 ↑ Buffalograss Buchloë dactyloides SK MB Nov 2001
1 ↔ Coffee-tree, Kentucky Gymnocladus dioicus ON Nov 2000
1 ↔ Colicroot Aletris farinosa ON Nov 2000
1 Corydalis, Scouler's Corydalis scouleri BC May 2001
1 Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea ON May 2002
1 ↔ Deerberry Vaccinium stamineum ON Nov 2000
1 Fern, Lemmon's Holly Polystichum lemmonii BC May 2003
2 ↔ Gentian, Plymouth Sabatia kennedyana NS May 2000
1 ↑ Gentian, Victorin's Gentianopsis procera ssp. macounii var. victorinii QC May 2004
2 ↔ Golden Crest Lophiola aurea NS May 2000
1 ↔ Goldenseal Hydrastis canadensis ON May 2000
2+ Greenbrier, Round-leaved Smilax rotundifolia Great Lakes Plains population ON May 2001
1 ↑ Hackberry, Dwarf Celtis tenuifolia ON Nov 2003
1 ↑ Hoptree, Common Ptelea trifoliata ON Nov 2002
1 ↑ Hyacinth, Wild Camassia scilloides ON May 2002
1 Iris, Dwarf Lake Iris lacustris ON Nov 2004
1 ↔ Jacob's-ladder, Van Brunt's Polemonium vanbruntiae QC Nov 2002
1 Lily, Lyall's Mariposa Calochortus lyallii BC May 2001
1 ↑ Meadowfoam, Macoun's Limnanthes macounii BC Nov 2004
2 ↔ Mosquito-fern, Mexican Azolla mexicana BC May 2000
1+ Mouse-ear-cress, Slender Halimolobos virgata AB SK May 2000
1 ↑ Orchid, Phantom Cephalanthera austiniae BC May 2000
1 Phlox, Showy Phlox speciosa ssp. occidentalis BC Nov 2004
2+ Prairie-clover, Hairy Dalea villosa var. villosa SK MB May 2000
2 ↔ Redroot Lachnanthes caroliana NS May 2000
1 Sanicle, Purple Sanicula bipinnatifida BC May 2001
1 ↑ Soapweed Yucca glauca AB May 2000
1 ↔ Spiderwort, Western Tradescantia occidentalis AB SK MB Nov 2002
1 Spike-rush, Tubercled Eleocharis tuberculosa NS May 2000
1 Thistle, Hill's Cirsium hillii ON Nov 2004
2 ↔ Violet, Yellow Montane Viola praemorsa ssp. praemorsa BC May 2000
2 ↔ Water-pennywort Hydrocotyle umbellata NS May 2000
1 ↔ Water-willow, American Justicia americana ON QC May 2000
Mosses (3)
1 Bryum, Porsild's Mielichhoferia macrocarpa NU BC AB NL Nov 2003
1 Moss, Alkaline Wing-nerved Pterygoneurum kozlovii BC SK Nov 2004
1 Moss, Haller's Apple Bartramia halleriana BC AB Nov 2001
Lichens (1)
1 Jellyskin, Flooded Leptogium rivulare MB ON May 2004
SPECIAL CONCERN CATEGORY (141)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Range of Occurrence Assessment Date
Mammals (27)
1 ↔ Bat, Spotted Euderma maculatum BC May 2004
1 ↔ Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos Northwestern population YT NT NU BC AB May 2002
2+ Bear, Polar Ursus maritimus YT NT NU MB ON QC NL Nov 2002
2 ↔ Beaver, Mountain Aplodontia rufa BC Nov 2001
1 P Caribou, Barren-ground Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus Dolphin and Union population NT NU May 2004
1 ↑ Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou Northern Mountain population YT NT BC May 2002
1 Cottontail nuttallii subspecies, Nuttall's Sylvilagus nuttallii nuttallii BC Apr 1994
1 Kangaroo Rat, Ord's Dipodomys ordii AB SK Apr 1995
2 ↔ Mole, Eastern Scalopus aquaticus ON Nov 2000
1 Mouse megalotis subspecies, Western Harvest Reithrodontomys megalotis megalotis BC Apr 1994
1 ↑ Narwhal Monodon monceros Arctic Ocean Nov 2004
1 R Porpoise, Harbour Phocoena phocoena Pacific Ocean population Pacific Ocean Nov 2003
1 ↓ Porpoise, Harbour Phocoena phocoena Northwest Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
2 ↔ Prairie Dog, Black-tailed Cynomys ludovicianus SK Nov 2000
1 ↑ Sea Lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus BC Pacific Ocean Nov 2003
1 Seal Lacs des Loups Marins subspecies, Harbour Phoca vitulina mellonae QC Apr 1996
1 Shrew, Gaspé Sorex gaspensis QC NB NS Apr 1988
1 Squirrel, Southern Flying Glaucomys volans ON QC NS Apr 1988
2 ↔ Vole, Woodland Microtus pinetorum ON QC Nov 2001
1 P Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Western Hudson Bay population NU MB ON Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean May 2004
1 ↔ Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas

Eastern High

Arctic - Baffin Bay population

NU Arctic Ocean May 2004
1 Whale, Fin Balaenoptera physalus Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1987
1 ↑ Whale, Grey Eschrichtius robustus Eastern North Pacific population Pacific Ocean Arctic Ocean May 2004
2+ Whale, Killer Orcinus orca Northeast Pacific offshore population Pacific Ocean Nov 2001
1 Whale, Sowerby's Beaked Mesoplodon bidens Atlantic Ocean Apr 1989
1 R Wolf, Eastern Canis lupus lycaon ON QC May 2001
1 ↔ Wolverine Gulo gulo Western population YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON May 2003
Birds (22)
1 ↔ Chat virens subspecies, Yellow-breasted Icteria virens virens ON Nov 2000
1 ↔ Curlew, Long-billed Numenius americanus BC AB SK Nov 2002
1 ↓ Duck, Harlequin Histrionicus histrionicus Eastern population NU QC NB NS NL May 2001
2 ↔ Falcon pealei subspecies, Peregrine Falco peregrinus pealei BC Nov 2001
Falcon tundrius subspecies, Peregrine Falco peregrinus tundrius YT NT NU QC NL Apr 1992
1 Goldeneye, Barrow's Bucephala islandica Eastern population QC NB PE NS NL Nov 2000
2 ↔ Gull, Ivory Pagophila eburnea YT NT NU NL Nov 2001
Hawk, Ferruginous Buteo regalis AB SK MB Apr 1995
Hawk, Red-shouldered Buteo lineatus ON QC NB Apr 1996
1 Heron fannini subspecies, Great Blue Ardea herodias fannini BC Apr 1997
1 ↔ Murrelet, Ancient Synthliboramphus antiquus BC Nov 2004
2 ↔ Owl, Barn Tyto alba Western population BC Nov 2001
2 ↔ Owl, Flammulated Otus flammeolus BC Nov 2001
1 Owl, Short-eared Asio flammeus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1994
2 ↔ Rail, Yellow Coturnicops noveboracensis NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NB Nov 2001
1 P Screech-Owl kennicottii subspecies, Western Megascops kennicottii kennicottii BC May 2002
1 ↔ Sparrow princeps subspecies, Savannah Passerculus sandwichensis princeps NS May 2000
1 Thrush, Bicknell's Catharus bicknelli QC NB NS Apr 1999
1 ↔ Warbler, Cerulean Dendroica cerulea ON QC May 2003
Waterthrush, Louisiana Seiurus motacilla ON QC Apr 1996
2 ↔ Woodpecker, Lewis's Melanerpes lewis BC Nov 2001
1 Woodpecker, Red-headed Melanerpes erythrocephalus SK MB ON QC Apr 1996
Reptiles (9)
1 Boa, Rubber Charina bottae BC May 2003
1 Lizard, Greater Short-horned Phrynosoma hernandesi AB SK Apr 1992
1 Milksnake Lampropeltis triangulum ON QC May 2002
1 ↑ Racer, Western Yellow-bellied Coluber constrictor mormon BC Nov 2004
1 Ribbonsnake, Eastern Thamnophis sauritus Great Lakes population ON May 2002
1 Skink, Five-lined Eumeces fasciatus ON Apr 1998
1 Skink, Western Eumeces skiltonianus BC May 2002
1 Turtle, Northern Map Graptemys geographica ON QC May 2002
1 Turtle, Wood Glyptemys insculpta ON QC NB NS Apr 1996
Amphibians (7)
1 Frog, Coast Tailed Ascaphus truei BC May 2000
2 ↔ Frog, Northern Leopard Rana pipiens Western Boreal/Prairie populations NT AB SK MB Nov 2002
1 ↔ Frog, Red-legged Rana aurora BC Nov 2004
2+ Salamander, Coeur d'Alene Plethodon idahoensis BC Nov 2001
2 ↔ Salamander, Spring Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ON QC May 2002
2 ↔ Toad, Great Plains Bufo cognatus AB SK MB May 2002
1 Toad, Western Bufo boreas YT NT BC AB Nov 2002
Fishes (30)
1 Buffalo, Bigmouth Ictiobus cyprinellus SK MB ON Apr 1989
1 Buffalo, Black Ictiobus niger ON Apr 1989
1 ↔ Chub, Silver Macrhybopsis storeriana MB ON May 2001
1 R Cisco, Bering Coregonus laurettae YT Nov 2004
1 Cisco, Spring Coregonus sp. QC Apr 1992
1 P Cod, Atlantic Gadus morhua Arctic population Arctic Ocean May 2003
1 P Cod, Atlantic Gadus morhua Maritimes population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 Dace, Redside Clinostomus elongatus ON Apr 1987
1 Dace, Umatilla Rhinichthys umatilla BC Apr 1988
1 Darter, Greenside Etheostoma blennioides ON Apr 1990
1 ↔ Killifish, Banded Fundulus diaphanus Newfoundland population NL May 2003
1 Kiyi Coregonus kiyi ON Apr 1988
1 Lamprey, Chestnut Ichthyomyzon castaneus SK MB Apr 1991
1 Lamprey, Northern Brook Ichthyomyzon fossor MB ON QC Apr 1991
1 ↔ Minnow, Pugnose Opsopoeodus emiliae ON May 2000
Redhorse, River Moxostoma carinatum ON QC Apr 1987
1 Sculpin, Columbia Mottled Cottus bairdi hubbsi BC May 2000
2+ Shiner, Bridle Notropis bifrenatus ON QC Nov 2001
Shiner, Silver Notropis photogenis ON Apr 1987
1 Stickleback, Charlotte Unarmoured Gasterosteus sp. BC Apr 1983
1 Stickleback, Giant Gasterosteus sp. BC Apr 1980
1 ↔ Sturgeon, Green Acipenser medirostris BC Nov 2004
1 Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum NB Apr 1980
2+ Sucker, Spotted Minytrema melanops ON Nov 2001
1 Sunfish, Orangespotted Lepomis humilis ON Apr 1989
1 Sunfish, Redbreast Lepomis auritus NB Apr 1989
1 ↔ Topminnow, Blackstripe Fundulus notatus ON May 2001
2+ Warmouth Lepomis gulosus ON Nov 2001
1 Whitefish, Squanga Coregonus sp. YT Apr 1987
1 Wolffish, Atlantic Anarhichas lupus Atlantic Ocean Nov 2000
Arthropods (2)
2 ↔ Monarch Danaus plexippus BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS Nov 2001
1 Weidemeyer's Admiral Limenitis weidemeyerii AB May 2000
Molluscs (4)
1 Jumping-slug, Warty Hemphillia glandulosa BC May 2003
1 Lampmussel, Yellow Lampsilis cariosa NB NS May 2004
1 Mussel, Rocky Mountain Ridged Gonidea angulata BC Nov 2003
1 Oyster, Olympia Ostrea conchaphila BC Nov 2000
Vascular Plants (34)
1 ↓ Ash, Blue Fraxinus quadrangulata ON Nov 2000
1 Aster, Bathurst Symphyotrichum subulatum Bathurst population NB Apr 1992
1 Beggarticks, Vancouver Island Bidens amplissima BC Nov 2001
1 Bulrush, Long's Scirpus longii NS Apr 1994
1 Columbo, American Frasera caroliniensis ON Apr 1993
1 Fern, American Hart's-tongue Asplenium scolopendrium ON Nov 2000
1 Fern, Broad Beech Phegopteris hexagonoptera ON QC Apr 1983
2 ↔ Fern, Coastal Wood Dryopteris arguta BC Nov 2001
1 Fleabane, Provancher's Erigeron philadelphicus var. provancheri QC Apr 1992
1 Goldenrod, Riddell's Solidago riddellii MB ON Nov 2000
1 Goosefoot, Smooth Chenopodium subglabrum AB SK MB Apr 1992
1 Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium ON QC Apr 1984
2 ↔ Hairgrass, Mackenzie Deschampsia mackenzieana SK Nov 2001
Helleborine, Giant Epipactis gigantea BC Apr 1998
1+ Indian-plantain, Tuberous Arnoglossum plantagineum ON May 2002
1 ↔ Lilaeopsis, Eastern Lilaeopsis chinensis NS May 2004
1 Locoweed, Hare-footed Oxytropis lagopus AB Apr 1995
2 ↔ Milk-vetch, Fernald's Astragalus robbinsii var. fernaldii QC NL Nov 2001
Oak, Shumard Quercus shumardii ON Apr 1999
2+ Pepperbush, Sweet Clethra alnifolia NS May 2001
1 Pondweed, Hill's Potamogeton hillii ON Apr 1986
1 Quillwort, Bolander's Isoëtes bolanderi AB Apr 1995
2+ Rose, Climbing Prairie Rosa setigera ON May 2003
1 ↔ Rose-mallow, Swamp Hibiscus moscheutos ON Nov 2004
1 Rue-anemone, False Enemion biternatum ON Apr 1990
1 ↔ Rush, New Jersey Juncus caesariensis NS May 2004
1 Tansy, Floccose Tanacetum huronense var. floccosum SK May 2000
2 ↔ Thrift, Athabasca Armeria maritima ssp. interior SK May 2002
1 ↔ Water-hemlock, Victorin's Cicuta maculata var. victorinii QC May 2004
1 Willow, Felt-leaf Salix silicicola NU SK May 2000
1 Willow, Sand-dune Short-capsuled Salix brachycarpa var. psammophila SK May 2000
1 Willow, Turnor's Salix turnorii SK May 2000
1 Woolly-heads, Tall Psilocarphus elatior Prairie population AB SK May 2001
1 Yarrow, Large-headed Woolly Achillea millefolium var. megacephalum SK May 2000
Mosses (2)
1 Moss, Columbian Carpet Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum BC May 2004
1 Moss, Twisted Oak Syntrichia laevipila BC May 2004
Lichens (4)
1 Cryptic Paw Nephroma occultum BC Apr 1995
1 Lichen, Boreal Felt Erioderma pedicellatum Boreal population NL May 2002
1 Oldgrowth Specklebelly Pseudocyphellaria rainierensis BC Apr 1996
1 Seaside Bone Hypogymnia heterophylla BC Apr 1996

Table 8. Species assessed by COSEWIC and found to be in the Not at Risk category (149 species), with range of occurrence (by province, territory or ocean) and date of last assessment. Note that species in the Not at Risk category will normally only be reassessed if new information suggests that the species is at risk (Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened or Special Concern), or Extinct.

NOT AT RISK CATEGORY (149)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Range of Occurrence Assessment Date
Mammals (43)
1 P Badger taxus subspecies, American Taxidea taxus taxus AB SK MB May 2000
Bear, American Black Ursus americanus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS NL Apr 1999
1 ↔ Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou Newfoundland population NL May 2002
Cottontail pinetis subspecies, Nuttall's Sylvilagus nuttallii pinetis AB SK Apr 1994
1 Dolphin, Atlantic White-sided Lagenorhynchus acutus Atlantic Ocean Apr 1991
1 Dolphin, Bottlenose Tursiops truncatus Atlantic Ocean Apr 1993
1 Dolphin, Common Delphinus delphis Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1991
1 Dolphin, Northern Right Whale Lissodelphis borealis Pacific Ocean Apr 1990
1 Dolphin, Pacific White-sided Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Pacific Ocean Apr 1990
1 Dolphin, Risso's Grampus griseus Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1990
1 Dolphin, Striped Stenella coeruleoalba Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1993
1 Dolphin, White-beaked Lagenorhynchus albirostris Atlantic Ocean Apr 1998
Gopher, Plains Pocket Geomys bursarius MB Apr 1998
1 ↔ Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS NL May 2001
1 Porpoise, Dall's Phocoenoides dalli Pacific Ocean Apr 1989
1 Sea Lion, California Zalophus californianus BC Pacific Ocean Apr 1987
1 Seal Pacific subspecies, Harbour Phoca vitulina richardsi BC Pacific Ocean Apr 1999
1 Seal, Bearded Erignathus barbatus YT NT NU NL Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1994
1 Seal, Grey Halichoerus grypus QC NB PE NS NL Atlantic Ocean Apr 1999
1 Seal, Hooded Cystophora cristata NU QC NL Atlantic Ocean Apr 1986
1 Seal, Northern Elephant Mirounga angustirostris BC Pacific Ocean Apr 1986
1 Seal, Northern Fur Callorhinus ursinus BC Pacific Ocean Apr 1996
1 Seal, Ringed Phoca hispida YT NT NU NL Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1989
1 Squirrel, Cascade Mantled Ground Spermophilus saturatus BC Apr 1992
1 Squirrel, Fox Sciurus niger MB ON Apr 1979
1 Walrus, Atlantic Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus Eastern Arctic population Arctic Ocean Apr 1987
Weasel, Prairie Long-tailed Mustela frenata longicauda AB SK MB Apr 1993
1 Whale, Baird's Beaked Berardius bairdii Pacific Ocean Apr 1992
1 ↔ Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Eastern Beaufort Sea population NT Arctic Ocean May 2004
1 Whale, Blainville's Beaked Mesoplodon densirostris Atlantic Ocean Apr 1989
1 Whale, Cuvier's Beaked Ziphius cavirostris Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1990
1 Whale, False Killer Pseudorca crassidens Pacific Ocean Apr 1990
1 Whale, Hubbs' Beaked Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Pacific Ocean Apr 1989
1 √ Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae Western North Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 Whale, Long-finned Pilot Globicephala melas Atlantic Ocean Apr 1994
1 Whale, Northern Bottlenose Hyperoodon ampullatus Davis Strait population Atlantic Ocean Apr 1993
1 Whale, Pygmy Sperm Kogia breviceps Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1994
1 Whale, Short-finned Pilot Globicephala macrorhynchus Pacific Ocean Apr 1993
1 Whale, Sperm Physeter macrocephalus Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1996
1 Whale, Stejneger's Beaked Mesoplodon stejneri Pacific Ocean Apr 1989
1 Whale, True's Beaked Mesoplodon mirus Atlantic Ocean Apr 1989
1 Wolf, Northern Grey Canis lupus occidentalis YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NL Apr 1999
1 Wolf, Southern Grey Canis lupus nubilus BC Apr 1999
Birds (35)
Bluebird, Eastern Sialia sialis AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS Apr 1996
1 ↔ Chat auricollis subspecies, Yellow-breasted Icteria virens auricollis Prairie population AB SK Nov 2000
1 Coot, American Fulica americana YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS Apr 1991
1 Cormorant, Double-crested Phalocrocorax auritus YT NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1978
1 Crane tabida subspecies, Sandhill Grus canadensis tabida BC MB ON Apr 1979
1 Eagle, Bald Haliaeetus leucocephalus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1984
Eagle, Golden Aquila chrysaetos YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NL Apr 1996
Falcon, Prairie Falco mexicanus BC AB SK Apr 1996
1 Flycatcher, Grey Empidonax wrightii BC Apr 1992
1 Goshawk atricapillus subspecies, Northern Accipiter gentilis atricapillus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1995
1 Grebe, Red-necked Podiceps grisegena YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NS NL Apr 1982
Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus YT NT NU BC AB SK ON QC PE NS NL Apr 1987
1 Harrier, Northern Circus cyaneus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1993
Hawk, Cooper's Accipiter cooperii BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS Apr 1996
1 Hawk, Red-tailed Buteo jamaicensis YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1995
1 Hawk, Rough-legged Buteo lagopus YT NT NU BC MB ON QC NL Apr 1995
Hawk, Sharp-shinned Accipiter striatus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1997
1 Loon, Common Gavia immer YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1997
1 Loon, Yellow-billed Gavia adamsii YT NT NU BC AB MB QC Apr 1997
1 Merlin Falco columbarius YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1985
1 Owl, Boreal Aegolius funereus YT NT NU BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1995
Owl, Great Grey Strix nebulosa YT NT BC AB SK MB ON QC Apr 1996
1 Owl, Northern Hawk Surnia ulula YT NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NL Apr 1992
1 Owl, Snowy Bubo scandiaca YT NT NU MB QC NL Apr 1995
Pelican, American White Pelecanus erythrorhynchos BC AB SK MB ON Apr 1987
1 Screech-Owl, Eastern Megascops asio SK MB ON QC NB Apr 1986
Sparrow, Baird's Ammodramus bairdii AB SK MB Apr 1996
1 Sparrow, Nelson's Sharp-tailed Ammodramus nelsoni BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS Apr 1998
Swan, Trumpeter Cygnus buccinator YT NT BC AB SK ON Apr 1996
Tern, Black Chlidonias niger NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS Apr 1996
Tern, Caspian Sterna caspia NT BC AB SK MB ON QC NL Apr 1999
1 Tern, Common Sterna hirundo NT AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1998
Warbler, Prairie Dendroica discolor ON Apr 1999
1 Wren, Canyon Catherpes mexicanus BC Apr 1992
1 Wren, Sedge Cistothorus platensis AB SK MB ON QC NB Apr 1993
Reptiles (4)
1 Brownsnake, DeKay's Storeria dekayi ON QC May 2002
1 Gartersnake, Northwestern Thamnophis ordinoides BC May 2003
1 Lizard, Northern Alligator Elgaria coerulea BC May 2002
1 Watersnake, Northern Nerodia sipedon sipedon ON QC May 2002
Amphibians (14)
1 Ensatina Ensatina eschscholtzii BC Apr 1999
1 Frog, Columbia Spotted Rana luteiventris YT BC AB May 2000
1 Frog, Northern Leopard Rana pipiens Eastern population ON QC NB NS NL Apr 1999
1 Frog, Pickerel Rana palustris ON QC NB NS Apr 1999
1 Frog, Western Chorus Pseudacris triseriata ON QC May 2001
1 Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus MB ON QC May 2000
1

Salamander,

Four-toed

Hemidactylium scutatum ON QC NB NS Apr 1999
1 Salamander, Northern Dusky Desmognathus fuscus ON QC NB Apr 1999
1 Salamander, Northwestern Ambystoma gracile BC Apr 1999
1 Salamander, Tiger Ambystoma tigrinum Prairie / Boreal population AB SK MB Nov 2001
1 Salamander, Western Red-backed Plethodon vehiculum BC Nov 2001
1 Spadefoot, Plains Spea bombifrons AB SK MB May 2003
1 Toad, Canadian Bufo hemiophrys NT AB SK MB May 2003
1 Treefrog, Cope's Grey Hyla chrysoscelis MB Apr 1999
Fishes (35)
1 Bloater Coregonus hoyi ON Apr 1988
1 R Chiselmouth Acrocheilus alutaceus BC May 2003
1 Chub, Hornyhead Nocomis biguttatus MB ON Apr 1988
1 Chub, River Nocomis micropogon ON Apr 1988
1 Dace, Leopard Rhinichthys falcatus BC Apr 1990
1 Darter, Least Etheostoma microperca ON Apr 1989
1 Darter, River Percina shumardi MB ON Apr 1989
1 Darter, Tessellated Etheostoma olmstedi ON QC Apr 1993
1 Herring, Blueback Alosa aestivalis NB NS Apr 1980
1 Killifish, Banded Fundulus diaphanus Mainland population MB ON QC NB PE NS NL Apr 1989
1 √ Madtom, Brindled Noturus miurus ON May 2001
1 Minnow, Bluntnose Pimephales notatus MB ON QC Apr 1998
1 Minnow, Cutlips Exoglossum maxillingua ON QC Apr 1994
1 Minnow, Eastern Silvery Hybognathus regius ON QC Apr 1997
1 Pickerel, Chain Esox niger QC NB NS Apr 1997
1 Pickerel, Redfin Esox americanus americanus QC Apr 1998
1 Redhorse, Golden Moxostoma erythrurum MB ON Apr 1989
1 √ Sardine, Pacific Sardinops sagax Pacific Ocean May 2002
1 Sculpin, Fourhorn Myoxocephalus quadricornis Salt water form Pacific Ocean Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1989
1 Sculpin, Spoonhead Cottus ricei YT NT BC AB SK MB ON QC Apr 1989
1 √ Shiner, Bigmouth Notropis dorsalis MB Nov 2003
1 Shiner, Blackchin Notropis heterodon MB ON QC Apr 1994
1 Shiner, Ghost Notropis buchanani ON Apr 1993
1 Shiner, Redfin Lythrurus umbratilis ON Apr 1988
1 Shiner, Rosyface Notropis rubellus ON QC Apr 1994
1 Shiner, Striped Luxilus chrysocephalus ON Apr 1993
1 Shiner, Weed Notropis texanus MB Apr 1999
1 Silverside, Brook Labidesthes sicculus ON QC Apr 1989
Stoneroller, Central Campostoma anomalum ON Apr 1998
1 Sturgeon, Lake Acipenser fulvescens AB SK MB ON QC Apr 1986
1 Sucker, Mountain Catostomus platyrhynchus BC AB SK Apr 1991
1 Sunfish, Green Lepomis cyanellus ON Apr 1987
1 Sunfish, Longear Lepomis megalotis ON QC Apr 1987
1 Wolf-eel Anarrhichthys ocellatus Pacific Ocean May 2003
1 Y-Prickleback Allolumpenus hypochromus BC Apr 1991
Arthropods (0)
Molluscs (2)
1 Capshell, Rocky Mountain Acroloxus coloradensis Western population BC AB Nov 2001
1 Crater, Spike-lip Appalachina sayana ON QC NB NS Nov 2003
Vascular Plants (16)
1 Aster, Short's Symphyotrichum shortii ON Apr 1999
1 Aster, Yukon Symphyotrichum yukonense YT NT Apr 1996
1 Brickellia, Large-flowered Brickellia grandiflora BC AB Apr 1996
1 Fameflower Talinum sediforme BC Apr 1990
1 Fleabane, Dwarf Erigeron radicatus AB SK Apr 1996
1 Goldenweed, Northern Mock Stenotus borealis YT Apr 1997
1 Mermaid, False Floerkea proserpinacoides ON QC NS Apr 1984
1 Phlox, Blue Phlox alyssifolia AB SK Apr 1996
1 Pink, Rush Stephanomeria runcinata AB SK Apr 1996
1 Rhododendron, Pacific Rhododendron macrophyllum BC Apr 1997
1 Sagebrush, Wood's Artemisia rupestris ssp. woodii YT Apr 1997
1 Sedge, Nebraska Carex nebrascensis AB Apr 1995
1 Stitchwort, Sand Stellaria arenicola AB SK Apr 1992
1 Wallflower, Narrow-leaved Erysimum angustatum YT Apr 1993
Willow, Tyrrell's Salix tyrrellii NT SK Apr 1999
1 Woolly-heads, Slender Psilocarphus tenellus var. tenellus BC Apr 1996
Mosses (0)
Lichens (0)

Table 9. Species considered by COSEWIC and placed in the Data Deficient category because of insufficient scientific information at the time of assessment (34 species). The range of occurrence (by province, territory or ocean) and date of last assessment are shown. Note that species in the Data Deficient category will normally only be reassessed if new information suggests that the species is at risk (Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened or Special Concern), or Extinct.

DATA DEFICIENT CATEGORY (34)
Taxon/ Assessment Details Common Name Scientific Name Population Name Range of Occurrence Assessment Date
Mammals (10)
1 R Bat, Fringed Myotis thysanodes BC May 2004
1 R Bat, Keen's Long-eared Myotis keenii BC Nov 2003
R Cougar Puma concolor couguar Eastern population ON QC NB NS Apr 1998
1 Mouse dychei subspecies, Western Harvest Reithrodontomys megalotis dychei AB Apr 1994
1 Seal Altantic subspecies, Harbour Phoca vitulina concolor NU MB ON NB PE NS NL Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Apr 1999
1 Vole, Sagebrush Lemmiscus curtatus AB SK Apr 1996
1 Whale, Dwarf Sperm Kogia simus Pacific Ocean Apr 1997
2+ Whale, Killer Orcinus orca Northwest Atlantic / Eastern Arctic populations Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Nov 2001
1 Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis Atlantic population Atlantic Ocean May 2003
1 Wolf, Arctic Grey Canis lupus arctos NT NU Apr 1999
Birds (2)
1 Poorwill, Common Phalaenoptilus nuttallii BC AB SK Apr 1993
1 Tern, Forster's Sterna forsteri BC AB SK MB ON Apr 1996
Reptiles (2)
1 Bullsnake Pituophis catenifer sayi AB SK May 2002
1 Turtle, Eastern Box Terrapene carolina carolina ON May 2002
Amphibians (0)
Fishes (10)
1 Catfish, Flathead Pylodictis olivaris ON Apr 1993
1 Chub, Lake Couesius plumbeus Northern British Columbia Hotsprings populations BC Nov 2004
1 Lamprey, Darktail Lethenteron alaskense NT Apr 1990
1 R Madtom, Margined Noturus insignis ON QC May 2002
1 R Prickleback, Pighead Acantholumpenus mackayi Arctic Ocean May 2003
1 R Sculpin, Fourhorn Myoxocephalus quadricornis Freshwater form NT NU NL Nov 2003
1 Sculpin, Spinynose Asemichthys taylori Pacific Ocean Apr 1997
1 Smelt, Pygmy Longfin Spirinchus sp. BC Nov 2004
2 ↔ Whitefish, Lake Coregonus clupeaformis Mira River population NS Nov 2000
1 R Wolffish, Bering Anarhichas orientalis Arctic Ocean Nov 2002
Arthropods (0)
Molluscs (4)
1 Capshell, Rocky Mountain Acroloxus coloradensis Eastern population ON QC Nov 2001
1 Duskysnail, Squat Lyogyrus granum NB NS Nov 2003
1 Fieldslug, Evening Deroceras hesperium BC Nov 2003
1 Snail, Gatineau Tadpole Physella parkeri latchfordi QC Apr 1997
Vascular Plants (4)
1 Barley, Little Hordeum pusillum AB Apr 1993
1 Goldenweed, Rabbit-brush Ericameria bloomeri BC Apr 1997
1 Pinweed, Impoverished Lechea intermedia var. depauperata SK Apr 1997
1 Whitlow-grass, Kananaskis Draba kananaskis AB Apr 1992
Mosses (0)
Lichens (2)
1 Stubble, Flexuous Golden Chaenotheca servitii NS Nov 2002
1 Stubble, Red Oak Phaeocalicium minutissimum QC NB Nov 2002

A short history is provided for each species that has been reassessed by COSEWIC, including date(s) of assessment and the status assigned. In October 1999 COSEWIC began using quantitative criteria to augment the earlier method of using status definitions to assign status. For species assessed since October 1999, the type of status report used as the basis for reassessment is indicated. Update reports focus on changes in the biological and threat information that has become available since the last time a report was prepared. For some species, COSEWIC deemed the existing report suitable for reassessment.

Acadian Flycatcher
Designated Endangered in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

American Badger
Designated Not at Risk in April 1979. The original Canada-wide designation was de-activated in May 2000 when the American Badger was split according to subspecies.

American Badger jacksoni subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Not at Risk in 1979. Each subspecies was given a separate designation in May 2000. The jacksoni subspecies was designated Endangered. Last assessment based on an update status report.

American Badger jeffersonii subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Not at Risk in 1979. Each subspecies was given a separate designation in May 2000. The jeffersonii subspecies was designated Endangered. Last assessment based on an update status report.

American Badger taxus subspecies
Entire Canadian range was designated as Not at Risk in 1979. Each subspecies was given a separate designation in May 2000. The taxus subspecies was designated Not at Risk. Last assessment based on an update status report.

American Black Bear
Designated Not at Risk in April 1998 and in April 1999.

American Chestnut
Designated Threatened in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

American Ginseng
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

American Water-willow
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

American White Pelican
Designated Threatened in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1987.

Ancient Murrelet
Designated Special Concern in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Anticosti Aster
Designated Threatened in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Athabasca Thrift
Designated Threatened in April 1981. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Atlantic Cod
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Split into four populations in May 2003. The original designation was de-activated. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Atlantic Cod (Arctic population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1998. When the species was split into separate populations in May 2003, the Arctic population was designated Special Concern. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Atlantic Cod (Laurentian North population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1998. When the species was split into separate populations in May 2003, the Laurentian North population was designated Threatened. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Atlantic Cod (Maritimes population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1998. When the species was split into separate populations in May 2003, the Maritimes population was designated Special Concern. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Atlantic Cod (Newfoundland and Labrador population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1998. When the species was split into separate populations in May 2003, the Newfoundland and Labrador population was designated Endangered. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Atlantic Walrus (Northwest Atlantic population)
Extirpated around 1850. Designated Extirpated in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Atlantic Whitefish
Designated Endangered in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Aurora Trout
Designated Endangered in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Baird's Sparrow
Designated Threatened in April 1989. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1996.

Banded Killifish (Newfoundland population)
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Banff Longnose Dace
Extinct since 1986. Designated Extinct in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Banff Springs Snail
Designated Threatened in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Barn Owl
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1984. In April 1999, the Western and Eastern populations were assessed separately. The original designation for the Canadian range of the Barn Owl was de-activated.

Barn Owl (Eastern population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1984. In April 1999, the Western and Eastern populations were assessed separately. The Eastern population was designated Endangered. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Barn Owl (Western population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1984. In April 1999, the Western and Eastern populations were assessed separately. The Western population was designated Special Concern. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population)
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split to allow designation of three separate populations in 1991: Banks Island (Endangered), High Arctic (Endangered) and Low Arctic (Threatened) populations. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. The Dolphin and Union population is comprised of a portion of the former "Low Arctic population", and it was designated Special Concern in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bashful Bulrush
Designated Special Concern in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bearded Owl-clover
Designated Endangered in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Beluga Whale (Cumberland Sound population)
The Southeast Baffin Island-Cumberland Sound population was designated Endangered in April 1990. In May 2004, the structure of the population was redefined and named "Cumberland Sound population", and the Southeast Baffin Island animals were included as part of the Western Hudson Bay population. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (Eastern Beaufort Sea population)
Designated Not at Risk in April 1985 and in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (Eastern High Arctic - Baffin Bay population)
Designated Special Concern in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (Eastern Hudson Bay population)
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (St. Lawrence Estuary population)
Designated Endangered in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (Ungava Bay population)
Designated Endangered in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Beluga Whale (Western Hudson Bay population)
Designated Not at Risk in April 1993. The population was redefined in May 2004 to include those Southeast Baffin Island animals outside Cumberland Sound, previously considered part of the "Southeast Baffin Island-Cumberland Sound population" which is now called "Cumberland Sound population". Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Benthic Enos Lake Stickleback
Original designation (including both Benthic and Limnetic species) was Threatened in April 1988. Split into two species when re-examined in November 2002 and the Benthic Enos Lake Stickleback was designated Endangered. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Benthic Hadley Lake Stickleback
Extinct in 1999. Designated Extinct in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Benthic Paxton Lake Stickleback
Designated Threatened in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Benthic Vananda Creek Stickleback
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Bering Cisco
Species considered in April 1990 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined in November 2004 and designated Special Concern. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bering Wolffish
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Species considered in November 2002 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bigmouth Shiner
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bird's-foot Violet
Designated Threatened in April 1990. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Black Tern
Designated Not at Risk in April 1988 and in April 1996.

Black-footed Ferret
Extirpated by 1974. Designated Extirpated in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Blackstripe Topminnow
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Black-tailed Prairie Dog
Designated Special Concern in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1988, April 1999 and November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Blue Ash
Designated Threatened in April 1983. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Blue Racer
Designated Endangered in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Blue Walleye
Extinct since 1965. Designated Extinct in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Blue Whale
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1983. In May 2002, the species was split into two populations: Blue Whale (Atlantic population) and Blue Whale (Pacific population). The Atlantic population and the Pacific populations were both designated Endangered in May 2002. The original designation for Blue Whale was de-activated.

Blue Whale (Atlantic population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1983. Split into two populations in May 2002. The Atlantic population was designated Endangered in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Blue Whale (Pacific population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1983. Split into two populations in May 2002. The Pacific population was designated Endangered in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bluehearts
Designated Threatened in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Blunt-lobed Woodsia
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Bowhead Whale (Eastern and Western Arctic Populations)
Designated Endangered in April 1980. Split into two populations (Eastern Arctic and Western Arctic) to allow a separate designation for the Western Arctic population in April 1986. The original designation was de-activated.

Branched Bartonia
Designated Special Concern in April 1992. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Bridle Shiner
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Brindled Madtom
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Buffalograss
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Burrowing Owl
Designated Threatened in April 1979. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1995. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Butler's Gartersnake
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Canada Lynx
Designated Not at Risk in April 1989 and in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Caribou dawsoni subspecies
Extinct by the 1920s. Designated Extinct in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Carmine Shiner
Designated Special Concern in April 1994. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Caspian Tern
Designated Special Concern in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1999.

Central Stoneroller
Designated Special Concern in 1985. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in 1998.

Cerulean Warbler
Designated Special Concern in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Channel Darter
Designated Threatened in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Chiselmouth
Species considered in April 1997 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined in May 2003 and designated Not at Risk. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Climbing Prairie Rose
Designated Special Concern in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2002. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2003. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Coastal Giant Salamander
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Coastal Wood Fern
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Coeur d'Alene Salamander
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Colicroot
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Common Hoptree
Designated Special Concern in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Cooper's Hawk
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1996.

Copper Redhorse
Designated Threatened in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Cougar (Eastern population)
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Species considered in April 1998 and placed in the Data Deficient category.

Cowichan Lake Lamprey
Designated Special Concern in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Crooked-stem Aster
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Cucumber Tree
Designated Endangered in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Cultus Pygmy Sculpin
Designated Special Concern in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Deepwater Cisco
Extinct since 1952. Designated Extinct in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Deerberry
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Deltoid Balsamroot
Designated in April 1996 as Endangered. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Dense Blazing Star
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Drooping Trillium
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-assessed and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Dwarf Hackberry
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Dwarf Wedgemussel
Extirpated by 1968. Designated Extirpated in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Bluebird
Designated Special Concern in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1996.

Eastern Foxsnake
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Hog-nosed Snake
Designated Special Concern in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Lilaeopsis
Designated Special Concern in April 1987 and in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Eastern Mole
Designated Special Concern in April 1980. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998 and in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Mountain Avens
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1999 and May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Prairie Fringed-orchid
Designated Special Concern in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Eastern Prickly Pear Cactus
Designated Endangered in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Ratsnake
Designated Threatened in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Eastern Sand Darter
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Eastern Wolf
Species considered in April 1999 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined in May 2001 and designated Special Concern. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer
Designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Eelgrass Limpet
Extinct since 1929. Designated Extinct in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Engelmann's Quillwort
Designated Endangered in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Enos Lake Sticklebacks
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Split into two species when re-examined in November 2002: Benthic Enos Lake Stickleback and Limnetic Enos Lake Stickleback. The original designation was de-activated. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Ermine haidarum subspecies
Designated Special Concern in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Eskimo Curlew
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

False Hop Sedge
Designated Threatened in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Fernald's Braya
Designated Threatened in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Fernald's Milk-vetch
Designated Special Concern in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Ferruginous Hawk
Designated Threatened in April 1980. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1995.

Flammulated Owl
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed Special Concern in April 1999 and in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Fourhorn Sculpin (Freshwater form)
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Species considered in November 2003 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Fowler's Toad
Designated Special Concern in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Fringed Bat
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Species considered in May 2004 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Frosted Elfin
Extirpated by 1988. Designated Extirpated in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Furbish's Lousewort
Designated Endangered in April 1980. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Gattinger's Agalinis
Designated Endangered in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Giant Helleborine
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1998.

Golden Crest
Designated Threatened in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Golden Eagle
Designated Not at Risk in April 1987 and in April 1996.

Golden Paintbrush
Designated Threatened in April 1995. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Goldenseal
Designated Threatened in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Gravel Chub
Last recorded in Thames River drainage, Ontario in 1958. Designated Endangered in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Extirpated in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Great Auk
Believed to be Extinct since 1844. Designated in April 1985 based on historic records only. Status report prepared and approved by COSEWIC in 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Great Basin Spadefoot
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Great Grey Owl
Designated Special Concern in April 1979. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1990. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1996.

Great Plains Toad
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Greater Prairie-Chicken
Last reported in 1987. Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Extirpated in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Greater Sage-Grouse phaios subspecies
Has not been reported since the 1960s. Designated Extirpated in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Greater Sage-Grouse urophasianus subspecies
Given conditional designation of Threatened in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1998 based on a revised status report. Status re-examined confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Green Sturgeon
Designated Special Concern in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Grey Fox
Designated Special Concern in April 1979. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Grey Whale (Atlantic population)
Extirpated before the end of the 1800s. Designated Extirpated in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Grey Whale (Eastern North Pacific population)
Designated Not at Risk in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Grizzly Bear
The species was considered a single unit and designated Not at Risk in April 1979. Split into two populations in April 1991 (Prairie population and Northwestern population). The original designation for "Grizzly Bear" across was Canada de-activated.

Grizzly Bear (Northwestern population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Not at Risk in April 1979. Split into two populations in April 1991 (Prairie population and Northwestern population). The Northwestern population was designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status was re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Grizzly Bear (Prairie population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Not at Risk in April 1979. Split into two populations in April 1991 (Prairie population and Northwestern population). The Prairie population was designated Extirpated in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000 and in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Gulf of St. Lawrence Aster
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Gyrfalcon
Designated Not at Risk in April 1978 and in April 1987.

Hairy Prairie-clover
Designated Threatened in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Harbour Porpoise (Northwest Atlantic population)
Designated Threatened in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Harbour Porpoise (Pacific Ocean population)
Species considered in April 1991 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined in November 2003 and designated Special Concern. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Harlequin Duck (Eastern population)
The Eastern population was designated Endangered in April 1990. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Heart-leaved Plantain
Designated Endangered in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Henslow's Sparrow
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Hoary Mountain-mint
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Hooded Warbler
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Hotwater Physa
Designated Endangered in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Humpback Whale (North Pacific population)
The "Western North Atlantic and North Pacific populations" were given a single designation of Threatened in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1985 (Western North Atlantic population and North Pacific population). The North Pacific population designated Threatened in 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Humpback Whale (Western North Atlantic and North Pacific populations)
The "Western North Atlantic and North Pacific populations" were given a single designation of Threatened in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1985 (Western North Atlantic population and North Pacific population). The original designation was de-activated.

Humpback Whale (Western North Atlantic population)
The "Western North Atlantic and North Pacific populations" were given a single designation of Threatened in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1985 (Western North Atlantic population and North Pacific population). Western North Atlantic population designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Illinois Tick-trefoil
No site records since 1888. Designated Extirpated in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Island Marble
Extirpated by 1910. Designated Extirpated in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Ivory Gull
Designated Special Concern in April 1979. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1996 and in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Juniper Sedge
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Karner Blue
Has not been observed since 1991. Designated Extirpated in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Keen's Long-eared Bat
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Species considered in November 2003 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Kentucky Coffee-tree
Designated Threatened in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Killer Whale (North Pacific resident populations)
Designated Threatened in April 1999. The designation of the Killer Whale (North Pacific resident populations) was de-activated in November 2001 when it was split into two populations: Killer Whale (Northeast Pacific northern resident population) and Killer Whale (Northeast Pacific southern resident population). Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Killer Whale (Northeast Pacific northern resident population)
North Pacific resident populations designated Threatened in April 1999. Split into two populations in November 2001. The Northeast Pacific northern resident population was designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Killer Whale (Northeast Pacific southern resident population)
North Pacific resident populations designated Threatened in April 1999. Split into two populations in November 2001. The Northeast Pacific southern resident population was designated Endangered in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Killer Whale (Northeast Pacific transient population)
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Killer Whale (Northwest Atlantic / Eastern Arctic populations)
Species considered in April 1999 and in November 2001, and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

King Rail
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Kirtland's Warbler
Designated Endangered in April 1979. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Labrador Duck
Believed to be Extinct since 1875. Designated in April 1985 based on historic records only. Status report prepared and approved by COSEWIC in 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Lake Chubsucker
Designated Special Concern in April 1994. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Lake Utopia Dwarf Smelt
Designated Threatened in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Lake Whitefish (Mira River population)
Species considered in April 1999 and in November 2000, and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Large Whorled Pogonia
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Least Bittern
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Leatherback Seaturtle
Designated Endangered in April 1981. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Lewis's Woodpecker
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Limnetic Enos Lake Stickleback
Original designation (including both Benthic and Limnetic species) was Threatened in April 1988. Split into two species when re-examined in November 2002 and the Limnetic Enos Lake Stickleback was designated Endangered. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Limnetic Hadley Lake Stickleback
Extinct in 1999. Designated Extinct in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Limnetic Paxton Lake Stickleback
Designated Threatened in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Limnetic Vananda Creek Stickleback
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Loggerhead Shrike
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1986. The excubitorides and the migrans subspecies were designated separately in April 1991, and the original designation was de-activated. Assessment based on a new status report.

Loggerhead Shrike excubitorides subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1986. Split according to subspecies in April 1991. The excubitorides subspecies retained the original Threatened designation from April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Loggerhead Shrike migrans subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1986. Split according to subspecies in April 1991. The migrans subspecies was designated Endangered in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Long-billed Curlew
Designated Special Concern in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Longjaw Cisco
Extinct since 1975. Designated Extinct in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Designation de-activated in May 2002 because it was concluded that this species is a synonym of the Shortjaw Cisco, Coregonus zenithicus, which was designated Threatened in 1987. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Long's Braya
Designated Endangered in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Louisiana Waterthrush
Designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1996.

Mackenzie Hairgrass
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Macoun's Meadowfoam
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Marbled Murrelet
Designated Threatened in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Margined Madtom
Designated Threatened in April 1989. Species considered in May 2002 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Maritime Ringlet
Designated Endangered in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Massasauga
Designated Threatened in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Mexican Mosquito-fern
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Monarch
Designated Special Concern in April 1997. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Morrison Creek Lamprey
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Mountain Beaver
Designated Not at Risk in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Mountain Plover
Designated Endangered in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Narwhal
Designated Not at Risk in April 1986 and in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

New Jersey Rush
Designated Special Concern in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Newfoundland Marten
Designated Not at Risk in April 1979. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Nodding Pogonia
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Nooksack Dace
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

North Atlantic Right Whale
The Right Whale was considered a single species and designated Endangered in 1980. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1985 and in April 1990. Split into two species in May 2003 to allow a separate designation of the North Atlantic Right Whale. North Atlantic Right Whale was designated Endangered in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

North Pacific Right Whale
The Right Whale was considered a single species and designated Endangered in 1980. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1985 and in April 1990. Split into two species in May 2003. North Pacific Right Whale was not re-evaluated in May 2003; it retained the Endangered status of the original Right Whale. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Northern Abalone
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Northern Bobwhite
Designated Endangered in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report with an addendum.

Northern Bottlenose Whale
The Northern Bottlenose Whale was given a single designation of Not at Risk in April 1993. Split into two populations in April 1996 to allow a separate designation of the Northern Bottlenose Whale (Scotian Shelf population). Northern Bottlenose (Davis Strait population) was not re-evaluated, but retains the Not at Risk designation of the original Northern Bottlenose Whale, and the latter was de-activated.

Northern Bottlenose Whale (Scotian Shelf population)
The Northern Bottlenose Whale was given a single designation of Not at Risk in April 1993. Split into two populations in April 1996 to allow a separate designation of the Northern Bottlenose Whale (Scotian Shelf population). Scotian Shelf population designated Special Concern in April 1996. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Northern Cricket Frog
Designated Endangered in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Northern Goshawk laingi subspecies
Designated Special Concern in April 1995. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Northern Leopard Frog (Southern Mountain population)
Designated Endangered in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Northern Leopard Frog (Western Boreal/Prairie populations)
Designated Special Concern in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Northern Madtom
Species considered in April 1993 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined in April 1998 and designated Special Concern. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Northern Riffleshell
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Nuttall's Cottontail pinetis subspecies
Designated Not at Risk in 1991 and in April 1994.

Oregon Spotted Frog
Designated Endangered in an emergency assessment in November 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Assessment based on a new status report.

Pacific Sardine
Designated Special Concern in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Pacific Water Shrew
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Paddlefish
Disappeared from Canada in approximately 1917. Designated Extirpated in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Pallid Bat
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Passenger Pigeon
Believed to be Extinct since 1914. Designated in April 1985 based on historic records only. Status report prepared and approved by COSEWIC in 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Peary Caribou
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split to allow designation of three separate populations in 1991: Banks Island (Endangered), High Arctic (Endangered) and Low Arctic (Threatened) populations. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. The subspecies pearyi is comprised of a portion of the former "Low Arctic population", and all of the former "High Arctic" and "Banks Island" populations, and it was designated Endangered in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Peary Caribou (Banks Island population)
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split to allow designation of three separate populations in 1991: Banks Island, High Arctic and Low Arctic populations. The Banks Island population was designated Endangered in April 1991. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. The former Banks Island population is contained within the subspecies pearyi.

Peary Caribou (High Arctic population)
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split to allow designation of three separate populations in 1991: Banks Island, High Arctic and Low Arctic populations. The High Arctic population of the Peary Caribou was designated Endangered in April 1991. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. The former High Arctic population is contained within the subspecies pearyi.

Peary Caribou (Low Arctic population)
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split to allow designation of three separate populations in 1991: Banks Island, High Arctic and Low Arctic populations. The Low Arctic population was designated Threatened in April 1991. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. The former Low Arctic population is contained partly within the subspecies pearyi and partly within the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population).

Peary Caribou (original designation)
The original designation considered a single unit that included Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, and what is now known as the Dolphin and Union population of the Barren-ground Caribou, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus. It was assigned a status of Threatened in April 1979. Split into three separate populations in April 1991: Banks Island, High Arctic and Low Arctic populations. The original designation was de-activated. In May 2004 all three population designations were de-activated, and the Peary Caribou, Rangifer tarandus pearyi, was assessed separately from the Barren-ground Caribou (Dolphin and Union population), Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus.

Peregrine Falcon anatum subspecies
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Peregrine Falcon pealei subspecies
Designated Special Concern in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Peregrine Falcon tundrius subspecies
Designated Threatened in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1992.

Phantom Orchid
Designated Special Concern in April 1992. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Pighead Prickleback
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Species considered in May 2003 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Pigmy Short-horned Lizard (British Columbia population)
Last reported in 1898. Designated Extirpated in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Pink Coreopsis
Designated Endangered in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Pink Milkwort
Designated Endangered in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Piping Plover
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1985. In May 2001, the species was re-examined and split into two groups according to subspecies. The melodus subspecies and circumcinctus subspecies were each designated Endangered in May 2001. The original designation was de-activated.

Piping Plover circumcinctus subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1985. In May 2001, the species was re-examined and split into two groups according to subspecies. The circumcinctus subspecies was designated Endangered in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Piping Plover melodus subspecies
The species was considered a single unit and designated Threatened in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1985. In May 2001, the species was re-examined and split into two groups according to subspecies. The melodus subspecies was designated Endangered in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Pitcher's Thistle
Designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Pixie Poacher
Species considered in April 1991 and placed in the Data Deficient category. Re-examined and designation de-activated in November 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Plains Pocket Gopher
Designated Special Concern in April 1979. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1998.

Plymouth Gentian
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Polar Bear
Designated Not at Risk in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in November 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Prairie Falcon
Designated Not at Risk in April 1978, April 1982 and April 1996.

Prairie Long-tailed Weasel
Designated Threatened in April 1982. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1993.

Prairie Lupine
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Prairie Skink
Designated Special Concern in April 1989. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Prairie Warbler
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1999.

Prothonotary Warbler
Designated Special Concern in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Pugnose Minnow
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Pugnose Shiner
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Purple Twayblade
Designated Threatened in April 1989. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Queen Snake
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Rayed Bean
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Red Mulberry
Designated Threatened in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Red-legged Frog
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002 and in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Redroot
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Red-shouldered Hawk
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1996.

Right Whale
The Right Whale was considered a single species and designated Endangered in 1980. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1985 and in April 1990. Split into two species in May 2003 to allow a separate designation of the North Atlantic Right Whale. North Pacific Right Whale was not re-evaluated, but retains the Endangered status of the original Right Whale. The original designation was de-activated. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Rigid Apple Moss
Designated Threatened in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

River Redhorse
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1987.

Roseate Tern
Designated Threatened in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1999. Endangered status re-examined and confirmed in October 1999. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Ross's Gull
Designated Special Concern in April 1981. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1996. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Round-leaved Greenbrier (Great Lakes Plains population)
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Sage Thrasher
Designated Endangered in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Salish Sucker
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Savannah Sparrow princeps subspecies
Designated Special Concern in April 1979. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Scarlet Ammannia
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Sea Mink
Believed Extinct since 1894. Designated Extinct in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Sea Otter
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Seaside Birds-foot Lotus
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Seaside Centipede
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Sharp-shinned Hawk
Designated Not at Risk in April 1986 and in April 1997.

Sharp-tailed Snake
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in October 1999. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Shorthead Sculpin
Designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed Threatened in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Shortjaw Cisco
Designated Threatened in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Showy Goldenrod
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Shumard Oak
Designated Special Concern in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999.

Silver Chub
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Silver Shiner
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1987.

Skinner's Agalinis
Designated Endangered in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Slender Bush-clover
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Slender Mouse-ear-cress
Designated Endangered in April 1992. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report with an addendum.

Small White Lady's-slipper
Designated Endangered in April 1981. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Small Whorled Pogonia
Designated Endangered in April 1982. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Small-flowered Lipocarpha
Designated Threatened in April 1992. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Small-flowered Sand-verbena
Designated Threatened in April 1992. Re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Small-mouthed Salamander
Designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Soapweed
Designated Special Concern in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Sockeye Salmon (Cultus population)
Designated Endangered in an emergency assessment in October 2002. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Assessment based on a new status report.

Sockeye Salmon (Sakinaw population)
Designated Endangered in an emergency assessment in October 2002. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Assessment based on a new status report.

Southern Maidenhair Fern
Designated Endangered in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Speckled Dace
Designated Special Concern in April 1980. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Spiny Softshell
Designated Threatened in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Spotted Bat
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Spotted Gar
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1994. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Spotted Owl caurina subspecies
Designated Endangered in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Spotted Sucker
Designated Special Concern in April 1983. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1994 and in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Spotted Turtle
Designated Special Concern in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Spotted Wintergreen
Designated Endangered in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1998 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Sprague's Pipit
Designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Spring Blue-eyed Mary
No site records since 1954. Designated Extirpated in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Spring Salamander
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Steller Sea Lion
Designated Not at Risk in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Swamp Rose-mallow
Designated Special Concern in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Sweet Pepperbush
Designated Threatened in April 1986. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1998. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Swift Fox
Last seen in Saskatchewan in 1928. Designated Extirpated in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in April 1998 after successful re-introductions. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Thread-leaved Sundew
Designated Endangered in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Tiny Cryptanthe
Designated Endangered in April 1998. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Toothcup
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Townsend's Mole
Designated Threatened in April 1996. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Trumpeter Swan
Designated Special Concern in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1996.

Tuberous Indian-plantain
Designated Special Concern in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in April 1999 and in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report with an addendum.

Tyrrell's Willow
Designated Threatened in April 1981. Status re-examined and designated Not at Risk in April 1999.

Van Brunt's Jacob's-ladder
Designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Vancouver Island Marmot
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed Endangered in April 1997 and in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Victorin's Gentian
Designated Special Concern in April 1987. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Victorin's Water-hemlock
Designated Special Concern in April 1987. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Virginia Goat's-rue
Designated Threatened in April 1996. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Warmouth
Designated Special Concern in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Water-pennywort
Designated Endangered in April 1985. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Water-plantain Buttercup
Designated Endangered in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Wavy-rayed Lampmussel
Designated Endangered in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in October 1999. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Western Blue-flag
Designated Threatened in April 1990. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Prairie Fringed-orchid
Designated Endangered in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Screech-Owl
The species was considered a single unit and placed in the Data Deficient category in April 1995. Re-examined in May 2002 and split into two groups according to subspecies. The kennicottii subspecies was designated Special Concern and the macfarlanei subspecies was designated Threatened in May 2002. The original designation was de-activated. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Screech-Owl kennicottii subspecies
Species considered in April 1995 and placed in the Data Deficient category. It was split according to subspecies in May 2002. The kennicottii subspecies was designated Special Concern in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Screech-Owl macfarlanei subspecies
Species considered in April 1995 and placed in the Data Deficient category. It was split according to subspecies in May 2002. The macfarlanei subspecies was designated Endangered in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Silvery Aster
Designated Special Concern in 1988. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Silvery Minnow
Designated Special Concern in April 1997. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Western Spiderwort
Designated Threatened in April 1992. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Western Yellow-bellied Racer
Designated Not at Risk in April 1991. Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in November 2004. Last assessment based on an update status report.

White Prairie Gentian
Designated Endangered in April 1991. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2001. Last assessment based on an update status report.

White Sturgeon
Designated Special Concern in April 1990. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

White Wood Aster
Designated Threatened in April 1995. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

White-headed Woodpecker
Designated Threatened in April 1992. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

White-top Aster
Designated Threatened in April 1996. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Whooping Crane
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Wild Hyacinth
Designated Special Concern in April 1990. Re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Willowleaf Aster
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in May 2003. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Wolverine
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1989 (Western and Eastern populations). The original designation was de-activated.

Wolverine (Eastern population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1989 (Western population and Eastern population). The Eastern population was designated Endangered in April 1989. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Wolverine (Western population)
The species was considered a single unit and designated Special Concern in April 1982. Split into two populations in April 1989 (Western and Eastern populations). The Western population was designated Special Concern in April 1989. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2003. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Wood Bison
Designated Endangered in April 1978. Status re-examined and designated Threatened in April 1988. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Atlantic-Gaspésie population)
Atlantic-Gaspésie population designated Threatened in April 1984. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in May 2000. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Boreal population)
The Boreal population was designated Threatened in May 2000. This newly-defined population is comprised of a portion of the de-activated "Western population" and all of the de-activated "Labrador-Ungava population". Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Labrador-Ungava population)
Labrador-Ungava population was designated Not at Risk in April 1984. The designation of the Labrador-Ungava population was de-activated in May 2000. The former Labrador-Ungava population is contained within the Boreal population.

Woodland Caribou (Newfoundland population)
Newfoundland population was designated Not at Risk in April 1984. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000 and in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Northern Mountain population)
The Northern Mountain population was designated Not at Risk in May 2000. This population was formerly designated as part of the "Western population" (now de-activated). Status re-examined and designated Special Concern in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Southern Mountain population)
The Southern Mountain population was designated Threatened in May 2000. This population was formerly designated as part of the "Western population" (now de-activated). Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2002. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Woodland Caribou (Western population)
The Western population was designated Special Concern in April 1984. The designation of the Western population was de-activated in May 2000. The former Western population is contained within the following newly designated populations: Northern Mountain, Southern Mountain and Boreal.

Woodland Vole
Designated Special Concern in April 1998.Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Wood-poppy
Designated Endangered in April 1993. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report with an addendum.

Yellow Montane Violet
Designated Threatened in April 1995. Status re-examined and confirmed in May 2000. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Yellow Rail
Designated Special Concern in April 1999. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2001. Last assessment based on an existing status report.

Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (British Columbia population)
The British Columbia population of the auricollis subspecies was designated Threatened in April 1994. Status re-examined and designated Endangered in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (Prairie population)
The Prairie population of the auricollis subspecies was designated Not at Risk in April 1994 and in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Yellow-breasted Chat virens subspecies
Designated Special Concern in April 1994. Status re-examined and confirmed in November 2000. Last assessment based on an update status report.

Common and scientific names (including population names, where applicable) previously used by COSEWIC and other synonyms, with reference to the current COSEWIC names.

Previous Name(s) or Synonym Current Common Name or Scientific Name (population)
Incisalia irus Callophrys [Incisalia] irus
Tortula laevipila Syntrichia laevipila
Abronia micrantha Tripterocalyx micranthus
Acadian Whitefish Atlantic Whitefish
Achikunipi Harbour Seal Lacs des Loups Marins subspecies
Acris crepitans blanchardi Acris crepitans
American Marten (Newfoundland population) Newfoundland Marten
Anatum Peregrine Falcon Peregrine Falcon anatum subspecies
Apple Moss Rigid Apple Moss
Ascaphus truei (Pacific Coast population) Ascaphus truei
Ascaphus truei (Southern Mountain population) Ascaphus montanus
Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum Asplenium scolopendrium
Aster anticostensis Symphyotrichum anticostense
Aster curtus Sericocarpus rigidus
Aster divaricatus Eurybia divaricata
Aster laurentianus Symphyotrichum laurentianum
Aster praealtus Symphyotrichum praealtum
Aster prenanthoides Symphyotrichum prenanthoides
Aster shortii Symphyotrichum shortii
Aster subulatus var. obtusifolius Symphyotrichum subulatum (Bathurst population)
Aster yukonensis Symphyotrichum yukonense
Bartonia paniculata Bartonia paniculata ssp. paniculata
Bathurst Aster Bathurst Aster (Bathurst population)
Beluga Whale (Beaufort Sea / Arctic Ocean population) Beluga Whale (Eastern Beaufort Sea population)
Beluga Whale (Southeast Baffin Island-Cumberland Sound population) Beluga Whale (Cumberland Sound population)
Beluga Whale (St. Lawrence River population) Beluga Whale (St. Lawrence Estuary population)
Benthic Texada Island Stickleback Benthic Paxton Lake Stickleback
Black Rat Snake Eastern Ratsnake
Black Ratsnake Eastern Ratsnake
Blackline Prickleback Pighead Prickleback
Blanchard's Cricket Frog Northern Cricket Frog
Blue-eyed Mary Spring Blue-eyed Mary
Bowl Limpet Eelgrass Limpet
Bufo woodhousii fowleri Bufo fowleri
Butler’s Garter Snake Butler's Gartersnake
Cacalia plantaginea Arnoglossum plantagineum
Centrocercus urophasianus phaios (British Columbia population) Centrocercus urophasianus phaios
Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus (Prairie population) Centrocercus urophasianus urophasianus
Charlotte Unarmoured Sticklebacks Charlotte Unarmoured Stickleback
Cimicifuga elata Actaea elata
Clemmys insculpta Glyptemys insculpta
Clemmys marmorata Actinemys marmorata
Coeur d'Alène Salamander Coeur d'Alene Salamander
Common Hop-tree Common Hoptree
Common Watersnake Northern Watersnake
Coregonus canadensis Coregonus huntsmani
Coregonus clupeaformis Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Simcoe population)
Delphinapterus leucas (Beaufort Sea / Arctic Ocean population) Delphinapterus leucas (Eastern Beaufort Sea population)
Delphinapterus leucas (Southeast Baffin Island-Cumberland Sound population) Delphinapterus leucas (Cumberland Sound population)
Delphinapterus leucas (St. Lawrence River population) Delphinapterus leucas (St. Lawrence Estuary population)
Eastern Fox Snake Eastern Foxsnake
Eastern Grey Wolf Eastern Wolf
Eastern Hognose Snake Eastern Hog-nosed Snake
Eastern Hognosed Snake Eastern Hog-nosed Snake
Eastern Loggerhead Shrike Loggerhead Shrike migrans subspecies
Eastern Massasauga Massasauga
Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Massasauga
Eastern Milksnake Milksnake
Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid Eastern Prairie Fringed-orchid
Eastern Short-horned Lizard Greater Short-horned Lizard
Eastern Spiny Softshell Turtle Spiny Softshell
Eastern Yellow-breasted Chat Yellow-breasted Chat virens subspecies
Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta Elaphe obsoleta
Elaphe vulpina gloydi Elaphe gloydi
Elgaria coerulea principis Elgaria coerulea
Emydoidea blandingi Emydoidea blandingii (Nova Scotia population)
Erigeron philadelphicus ssp. provancheri Erigeron philadelphicus var. provancheri
Ermine (Queen Charlotte Islands population) Ermine haidarum subspecies
Eschrichtius robustus (Northeast Pacific population) Eschrichtius robustus (Eastern North Pacific population)
Eumeces septentrionalis septentrionalis Eumeces septentrionalis
Few-flowered Club-rush Bashful Bulrush
Gasterosteus aculeatus Gasterosteus sp.
Gentiana victorinii Gentianopsis procera ssp. macounii var. victorinii
Gentianopsis victorinii Gentianopsis procera ssp. macounii var. victorinii
Goat's-rue Virginia Goat's-rue
Great Basin Gopher Snake Great Basin Gophersnake
Great Basin Spadefoot Toad Great Basin Spadefoot
Greater Sandhill Crane Sandhill Crane tabida subspecies
Grey Whale (Northeast Pacific population) Grey Whale (Eastern North Pacific population)
Grey Wolf Arctic Grey Wolf
Grey Wolf Eastern Wolf
Grey Wolf Northern Grey Wolf
Grey Wolf Southern Grey Wolf
Grizzly Bear [no population name] Grizzly Bear (Northwestern population)
Gymnocladus dioica Gymnocladus dioicus
Haplopappus macleanii Stenotus borealis
Harbour Seal Harbour Seal Atlantic subspecies
Harbour Seal Harbour Seal Pacific subspecies
Harbour Seal (Lac des Loups Marins landlocked population) Harbour Seal Lacs des Loups Marins subspecies
Hubb's Beaked Whale Hubbs' Beaked Whale
Hyperoodon ampullatus Hyperoodon ampullatus (Davis Strait population)
Hyperoodon ampullatus (Gully population) Hyperoodon ampullatus (Scotian Shelf population)
Icteria virens virens (Eastern population) Icteria virens virens
"Ipswich" Savannah Sparrow Savannah Sparrow princeps subspecies
Isopyrum biternatum Enemion biternatum
Killer Whale (North Pacific "resident" populations) Killer Whale (North Pacific resident populations)
Lake Erie Water Snake Lake Erie Watersnake
Lake Lamprey Cowichan Lake Lamprey
Lake Simcoe Whitefish Lake Whitefish (Lake Simcoe population)
Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides (Prairie population) Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides
Lanius ludovicianus migrans (Eastern population) Lanius ludovicianus migrans
Leatherback Turtle Leatherback Seaturtle
Lewis’ Woodpecker Lewis's Woodpecker
Lilaeopsis Eastern Lilaeopsis
Limnetic Texada Island Stickleback Limnetic Paxton Lake Stickleback
Loggerhead Shrike (Eastern population) Loggerhead Shrike migrans subspecies
Loggerhead Shrike (Prairie population) Loggerhead Shrike excubitorides subspecies
Long-tailed Weasel (Prairie population) Prairie Long-tailed Weasel
Lottia alveus Lottia alveus alveus
Lynx Canada Lynx
MacLean's Goldenweed Northern Mock Goldenweed
Martes americana atrata (Newfoundland population) Martes americana atrata
Mexican Mosquito Fern Mexican Mosquito-fern
Mira River Whitefish Lake Whitefish (Mira River population)
Mountain Dusky Salamander Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander
Mustela erminea haidarum (Queen Charlotte Islands population) Mustela erminea haidarum
Mustela frenata longicauda (Prairie population) Mustela frenata longicauda
Night Snake Nightsnake
North Sea Beaked Whale Sowerby's Beaked Whale
Northern Bottlenose Whale Northern Bottlenose Whale (Davis Strait population)
Northern Bottlenose Whale (Gully population) Northern Bottlenose Whale (Scotian Shelf population)
Northern Goshawk Northern Goshawk atricapillus subspecies
Northern Leopard Frog (Prairie population) Northern Leopard Frog (Western Boreal/Prairie populations)
Northern Prairie Skink Prairie Skink
Northern Red-legged Frog Red-legged Frog
Northern Ribbonsnake (Atlantic population) Eastern Ribbonsnake (Atlantic population)
Northern Ribbonsnake (Great Lakes population) Eastern Ribbonsnake (Great Lakes population)
Northern Spotted Owl Spotted Owl caurina subspecies
Northwestern Alligator Lizard Northern Alligator Lizard
Notropis rubellus (Eastern population) Notropis rubellus
Notropis rubellus (Manitoba population) Notropis percobromus
Nuttall's Cottontail (British Columbia population) Nuttall's Cottontail nuttallii subspecies
Nuttall's Cottontail (Prairie population) Nuttall's Cottontail pinetis subspecies
Nyctea scandiaca Bubo scandiaca
Oncorhynchus nerka (Cultus Lake population) Oncorhynchus nerka (Cultus population)
Oncorhynchus nerka (Sakinaw Lake population) Oncorhynchus nerka (Sakinaw population)
Otus asio Megascops asio
Otus kennicottii Megascops kennicottii
Otus kennicottii kennicottii Megascops kennicottii kennicottii
Otus kennicottii macfarlanei Megascops kennicottii macfarlanei
Pacific Giant Salamander Coastal Giant Salamander
Pacific Gopher Snake Pacific Gophersnake
Pacific Great Blue Heron Great Blue Heron fannini subspecies
Panax quinquefolium Panax quinquefolius
Peale's Peregrine Falcon Peregrine Falcon pealei subspecies
Phoca vitulina mellonae (Lac des Loups Marins landlocked population) Phoca vitulina mellonae
Phrynosoma douglassii brevirostre Phrynosoma hernandesi
Phrynosoma douglassii douglassii (British Columbia population) Phrynosoma douglasii (British Columbia population)
Pink Rush Rush Pink
Plains Spadefoot Toad Plains Spadefoot
Polemonium van-bruntiae Polemonium vanbruntiae
Prairie Loggerhead Shrike Loggerhead Shrike excubitorides subspecies
Pygmy Short-horned Lizard (British Columbia population) Pigmy Short-horned Lizard (British Columbia population)
Queen Charlotte Goshawk Northern Goshawk laingi subspecies
Rana pipiens (Prairie population) Rana pipiens (Western Boreal/Prairie populations)
Rangifer tarandus dawsoni (Queen Charlotte Islands population) Rangifer tarandus dawsoni
Reithrodontomys megalotis dychei (Prairie population) Reithrodontomys megalotis dychei
Reithrodontomys megalotis megalotis (British Columbia population) Reithrodontomys megalotis megalotis
Ross’ Gull Ross's Gull
Rosyface Shiner (Eastern population) Rosyface Shiner
Rosyface Shiner (Manitoba population) Carmine Shiner
Sage Grouse (British Columbia population) Greater Sage-Grouse phaios subspecies
Sage Grouse (Prairie population) Greater Sage-Grouse urophasianus subspecies
Salamander Mussel Mudpuppy Mussel
Sand Verbena Small-flowered Sand-verbena
Sand Verbena Moth Sand-verbena Moth
Scirpus verecundus Trichophorum planifolium
Simpsonais ambigua Simpsonaias ambigua
Sistrurus catenatus catenatus Sistrurus catenatus
Slender Wooly-heads Slender Woolly-heads
Smallmouth Salamander Small-mouthed Salamander
Sockeye Salmon (Cultus Lake population) Sockeye Salmon (Cultus population)
Sockeye Salmon (Sakinaw Lake population) Sockeye Salmon (Sakinaw population)
Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula Solidago speciosa
Speotyto cunicularia Athene cunicularia
Spiny Softshell Turtle Spiny Softshell
Spotted Owl Spotted Owl caurina subspecies
Streaked Horned Lark Horned Lark strigata subspecies
Strix occidentalis Strix occidentalis caurina
Sylvilagus nuttallii nuttallii (British Columbia population) Sylvilagus nuttallii nuttallii
Sylvilagus nuttallii pinetis (Prairie population) Sylvilagus nuttallii pinetis
Symphyotrichum subulatum Symphyotrichum subulatum (Bathurst population)
Tailed Frog (Pacific Coast population) Coast Tailed Frog
Tailed Frog (Southern Mountain population) Rocky Mountain Tailed Frog
Tundra Peregrine Falcon Peregrine Falcon tundrius subspecies
Van Brunt’s Jacob’s Ladder Van Brunt's Jacob's-ladder
Virgulus sericeus Symphyotrichum sericeum
Western Harvest Mouse (British Columbia population) Western Harvest Mouse megalotis subspecies
Western Harvest Mouse (Prairie population) Western Harvest Mouse dychei subspecies
Western Prairie Fringed Orchid Western Prairie Fringed-orchid
Western Silver-leaved Aster Western Silvery Aster
Western Yellow-breasted Chat (British Columbia population) Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (British Columbia population)
Western Yellow-breasted Chat (Prairie population) Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (Prairie population)
Willow Aster Willowleaf Aster
Woodland Caribou (Queen Charlotte Islands population) Caribou dawsoni subspecies
Woodland Caribou Dawson's subspecies Caribou dawsoni subspecies
Yellow-breasted Chat (British Columbia population) Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (British Columbia population)
Yellow-breasted Chat (Eastern population) Yellow-breasted Chat virens subspecies
Yellow-breasted Chat (Prairie population) Yellow-breasted Chat auricollis subspecies (Prairie population)

The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) was created in 1977 as a result of a recommendation at the Federal-Provincial Wildlife Conference held in 1976.

It arose from the need for a single, official, scientifically sound, national classification of wildlife species at risk.

In 1978, COSEWIC designated its first species and produced its first list of Canadian species at risk.

In 2002, COSEWIC celebrated 25 years of science-based assessment of the status of species at risk in Canada.

On June 5th 2003, the Species at Risk Act (SARA) was proclaimed. SARA establishes COSEWIC as an advisory body, ensuring that species will continue to be assessed under a rigorous and independent scientific process.

Environment Canada Environnement Canada

Canadian Wildlife Service Service canadien de la faune

The Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, provides full administrative and financial support to the COSEWIC Secretariat.

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